Basal Ganglia (NUCLEI) Flashcards
What structure regulates movement fine-tuning by projecting to the thalamus and the tegmentum of the brainstem?
The basal ganglia (nuclei)
The basal ganglia is composed of 4 things:
- Corpus striatum (caudate and putamen)
- Globus pallidus
- Substantia nigra
- Subthalamic nucleus
caudate + putamen = ?
striatum
putamen + globus pallidus = ?
lenticular (or lentiform) nuclei
What structure is in both the striatum and the lenticular (or lentiform) nuclei?
putamen
What structure regulates fine movement by exerting inhibitory control of the motor cortex?
the striatum
The striatum is divided into the __________________ and the _______________. These structures are separated by thick, vertical fibers known as the _________________________.
caudate nucleus and putamen
internal capsule
The internal capsule are cortical projections from the ___________________ to the ________________.
motor cortex to the spinal cord
The majority of them become the _____________________ and regulate ______________.
corticospinal tract
movement
Which structure involves extensive outputs to thalamus and motor cortex?
Internal segment (GPi)
[globus pallidus]
What structure projects lateral inhibitory fibers to the GPi ?
External segment (GPe)
[globus pallidus]
What is a dopaminergic nucleus that regulates inhibition of motor activity, motor planning, and reward-seeking behaviors?
Substantia Nigra
Many of the substantia nigra’s effects are mediated through control of the _________________ ?
striatum
Degeneration of the substantia nigra leads to what disease?
Parkinson’s disease
The substantia nigra is anatomically and functionally divided into two things:
- Pars compacta (SNpc)
- Pars reticulata (SNpr)
