Chapter 2

Question 1

anion

Answer 1

negatively charged particles (ion)

Question 2

atomic number

Answer 2

the number of protons in an atom
- also represents all electrons orbiting

Question 3

carbon

Answer 3

element that is the basis of organic chemistry

Question 4

basic or alkaline

Answer 4

pH scale of 7.45 -14

Question 5

compounds

Answer 5

substance composed of two or more chemical elements

Question 6

covalent bonds

Answer 6

chemical bond formed but the sharing of electrons between atoms

Question 7

electrocardiogram

Answer 7

heart’d electrical activity

Question 8

electrolytes

Answer 8

compound that separates into ions in solution (ex: water); substance that conductis an electric current in a solution

Question 9

electrons

Answer 9

negatively charged particle located in an energy level outside of an atom’s nucleus

Question 10

enzymes

Answer 10

a protein that accelerates(catalyze or speeds up) a specific chemical reaction

Question 11

hydrogen

Answer 11

greater concentration makes it more acidic

Question 12

ion

Answer 12

atom or molecule with an electrical charge; anion or cation (acquired a charge either positive or negative)

Question 13

isotopes

Answer 13

form of an elements that has the same number as another form of that element but a different atomic weight; isotopes differ in their number of neutrons

Question 14

how to calculate atomic number

Answer 14

the atomic number is equal to the number of protons as well as the number of electrons given that it is a neutral atom

Question 15

mixture

Answer 15

blend of two or more substances

Question 16

evenly distributed mixtures are called…

Answer 16

homogeneous solution

Question 17

molecules

Answer 17

bonding of 2 or more atoms

Question 18

neutron

Answer 18

non-charged particle in an atom’s nucleus

Question 19

nitrogen

Answer 19

chemical found in all proteins
- sugar does not contain nitrogen

Question 20

non-separating mixture

Answer 20

suspension with colloid (ex:mist) (more on pg 27)

Question 21

organic compounds

Answer 21

complex componds that characteriza all livin thing
- ALWAYS contain carbon
- usually contain hydrogen and oxygen as well

Question 22

pH

Answer 22

symbol indicating hydrogen ion (H+) concentration; lower numbers indicate a higher H+ concentration and higher acidity

Question 23

poly-

Answer 23

means “many”; used to form the names of polymers

Question 24

positive charged neutrons

Answer 24

protons and/or cations

Question 25

protons

Answer 25

positively charged particle in an atom’s nucleus (anion)

Question 26

simple form of a carbohydrate

Answer 26

a monosaccharide

Question 27

solute

Answer 27

substance that is dissolved in another substance

Question 28

solvent

Answer 28

substance in which another substance is dissolved in

Question 29

sub unit form of atom

Answer 29

protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 30

suspension

Answer 30

heterogeneous mixture that will separate unless shaken

Question 31

What are enzymes made of?

Answer 31

proteins that are made by amino acids linked together in one or more polypeptide chain

Question 32

What are proteins made of?

Answer 32

amino acids

Question 33

What donates hydrogen?

Answer 33

acids

Question 34

What accepts hydrogen?

Answer 34

bases

Question 35

an increase in hydrogen causes…

Answer 35

an increase in acidity

Question 36

an increase in hydroxide causes…

Answer 36

an increase in alkalinity (basic)

Question 37

What helps build bone?

Answer 37

calcium

Question 38

What is a hydrophobic substance?

Answer 38

something composed of nonpolar molecules that repels water (ex: fats or oils)

Question 39

What is a salt made of?

Answer 39

sodium (Na) amd chloride (Cl)

Question 40

What makes up water?

Answer 40

2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen

Question 41

What substance ends with -ase?

Answer 41

enzymes

Question 42

cation

Answer 42

positive ions, protons