Ch 16 repiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

lower then normal concentration of oxygen in arterial blood

A

hypoxemia

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2
Q

oxygen from the atmosphere is taken inside and carbon dioxide produced is taken out

A

external exchange of breathing

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3
Q

increased rate of respiration

A

tachypnea

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4
Q

microscopic branch of a bronchus

A

bronchiole

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5
Q

serous membrane that lines the chest cavity and covers the lungs

A

pleura

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6
Q
  • dome-shaped muscle under the lungs that flattens during inhalation
  • a separating membrane or structure
A

diaphram

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7
Q

tiny air sac in the lungs through which gases are exchanged between the outside air and the blood

A

alveoli

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8
Q

nerve that activates the diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

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9
Q
  • structure between the pharynx and trachea that contains the vocal chords
  • voice box
A

larynx

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10
Q

iron-contaning protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen

A

hemoglobin

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11
Q
  • drawing of air into the lungs
  • inspiration
A

inhalation

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12
Q

leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing

A

epiglottis

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13
Q

phase of respiration when the diaphragm contracts

A

inhalation

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14
Q

phase of respiration when the diaphragm expands

A

exhalation

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15
Q

where does the oxygen and CO2 diffuse in the lungs art which sites the alveoli or the blood

A

alveoli

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16
Q

3 portions of the pharynx

A
  • nasopharynx
  • oropharynx
  • laryngopharynx
17
Q

where is the pleural space located

A
  • between 2 layers of the pleura
  • contains a thin film of fluid that lubricated the membranes
  • pleura fluid helps lungs expand and contract during breathing without separating from the chest wall
18
Q

what forms the Adams apple

A

thyroid cartilage protruding at anterior of neck

19
Q

where would you find cartilage rings in relation to the respiratory system

20
Q

parts of the nasal septum

A
  • superior portion by thin plate of ethmoid bone
  • inferior portion is formed by the Vomer
  • an anterior extension of the septum is made of hyalive cartilage
21
Q

how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood

A
  • dissolved in the plasma and fluid within RBC, combined with the protein portion of hemoglobin with plasma protein
  • transported on a bicarbonate ion
22
Q

how oxygen is transported in the blood

A
  • 1.5% of the oxygen in blood is carried in solution in the plasma
  • 98.5% of the oxygen that diffuse into the capillary blood in the lungs bond to hemoglobin in the red blood cells
  • transported in blood by diffusion
23
Q

how oxygen is transported from the lungs into the blood

A

hemoglobin molecules inside RBC pick up and carry the oxygen
these oxygen-rich cell travel into the blood vessels from the lungs to the left side of the heart
the blood is then pumped down the body
- by alvioli becaise of exchange between alveli and blood

24
Q

difficulty breathing when lying down that relieved by sitting or standing up

25
low levels of oxygen in the blood
hypoxemia
26
nas/o
nose
27
or/o
mouth
28
laryng/o
- larynx - voice box
29
pleur/o
pleura
30
spir/o
breathing
31
capn/o
carbon dioxide
32
-pnea
breathing
33
orth/o
- straight - upright
34
an increase in the depth and rate of breathing to meet the body's metabolic needs, as in excersize
hyperpnea
35
decrease in the rate and depth of breathing
hypopnea
36
an excessive rate of breathing that may be normal, as in excersize
tachypnea
37
temporary cessation of breathing
apnea