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Structure and Function > ch 17 > Flashcards

ch 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Large, elongated gland behind the stomach; produces digestive enzymes and hormones

A

pancreas

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2
Q

Removal of undigested wastes through the anus

A

elimination

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3
Q

Muscular sac on the inferior surface of the liver that stores bile

A

gallbladder

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4
Q

Small finger-like projections from the surface of the membrane that increase the surface area

A

villi

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5
Q
  • Epithelial membrane that secretes a thin, watery fluid
  • outermost layer
A

serosa or serous membrane

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6
Q

Enzyme that changes starches into simple sugars

A

amylase

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7
Q

Large organ inferior to the diaphragm in the superior abdomen; secreted bile, storage, detoxification, and inter-conversion of nutrients

A

liver

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8
Q

Process of breaking down food into absorb-able particles

A

digestion or catabolism

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9
Q

Enzyme that aids the digestion of lactose

A

lactase

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10
Q
  • Material that covers a tooth
  • the hardest substance in the body
A

enamel

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11
Q

the process of taking up or assimilating a substance

A

absorption

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12
Q
  • Epithelial membrane that produces mucus
  • mucus membrane
A

mucosa

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13
Q

Salivary gland located inferior and anterior to the ear

A

Parotid salivary gland

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14
Q

Type of lipid composed of glycerol and fatty acids

A

lipids or fats

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15
Q

Organs in the ventral body cavities , especially that abdominal cavities

A

visceral

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16
Q

Spitting of large molecules by the addition of water

A

hydrolysis

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17
Q

Fluid that is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder

A

common bile

18
Q

First portion of the small intestine

A

duodenum

19
Q

Building blocks of proteins

A

amino acids or peptides

20
Q

Serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and forms the outer layer of the abdominal cavity

A

peritoneum

21
Q

needed to…
- help digest food
- rid the body of waste products
- make substances, called clotting factors, that keep the blood flowing well, among other task

A

liver

22
Q
  • teeth located in the upper R and L , and lower R and L of the mouth
  • helps you tear into foods like meat and vegetables
A

canine or cuspids

23
Q

Substance produced in the liver that emulsifies fats

A

bile

24
Q

hepat/a

A

liver

25
Q

3 main functions of the digestive system

A
  • digestion
  • absorption
  • elimination
26
Q

parts of a tooth

A
  • enamel
  • dentin
  • pulp
  • gums,
  • root canal
  • bone
  • nerves
  • blood vessels
  • crown
  • root
27
Q

3 parts of small intestine

A
  • duodenum
  • jejunum
  • ileum
28
Q

the largest salivary gland and where it is

A

Parotid gland - inferior and anterior to the ear

29
Q

function of the pancreas

A

Produces enzymes that digest fats, carbs, proteins, and nucleic acids

30
Q

function of the gallbladder

A

stores bile

31
Q

order of tissue from outermost to innermost of the digestive wall

A

Serosa, musclours (anter), muscularis (inner), submucosa, mucosa

32
Q

At the bottom of the stomach, it governs that passage of food out of the stomach into the small intestine

A

pyloric sphincter

33
Q

where is the appendix attached

A

The end of the large intestine (the cecum)

34
Q

parts of large intestines and which empties into the rectum

A

Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid (emptied into rectum)

35
Q

waste product of protein metabolism synthesized in the liver

A

urea

36
Q

what is bilirubin a byproduct of

A

Natural breakdown of RBC

37
Q

function of bile

A

Carry away waste and breakdown fats during digestion

38
Q

where the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct merge

A

hilium

39
Q

where the most nutrients is absorbed

A

small intestine

40
Q

how the hepatic portal system carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver and why this is necessary

A

Converts glycogen to glucose
Modifies fats
Stores vitamins and iron
Detoxifies food and poisons.

Structure and Function (22 decks)

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