chapter 2

Question 1

Recent evidence of cerebral dominance says….

Answer 1

both hemipsheres contribute to language and non-language functions

Question 2

left hemisphere dominance

Answer 2

approx. 95% of right handed people & 70% of left handed people are left hemisphere dominant

Question 3

bilateral dominance

Answer 3

approx. 25-30%

Question 4

right hemisphere dominance

Answer 4

5%

Question 5

recent view of lang. functions

Answer 5

different neural networks control different functions meaning all structures work together

Question 6

broad classifications of aphasia

Answer 6

nonfluent, fluent, subcortical, mixed

Question 7

nonfluent aphasia are characterized by

Answer 7

relatively good auditory comprehension and deficits in lang expression; broca’s, transcortical motor, global

Question 8

fluent aphasia are characterized by

Answer 8

relatively fluent speech with deficits in auditory comprehension;wernicke’s, conduction, anomic, transcortical sensory

Question 9

subcortical aphasias are characterized by

Answer 9

borderline aphasias; deficits in both expression and comprehension but severity varies.

Question 10

mixed aphasias

Answer 10

presence of 2+ aphasias at same time

Question 12

lesions limited to Broca’s area can have what deficits?

Answer 12

mild deficits in prosody, mild agraphia with occasional anomia; dysarthria

Question 13

aphemia (broca’s)

Answer 13

unable to articulate words BUT can comprehend and write

Question 14

Broca’s aphasia is a nonfluent type of aphasia with

Answer 14

deficits in language expression and relatively intact comprehension

Question 15

transcortical motor aphasia - most commonly affected areas

Answer 15

supplementary motor cortex and areas connecting Broca’s area

Question 16

transcortical motor aphasia - most commonly affected blood supply

Answer 16

-anterior cerebral artery
-anterior branches of middle cerebral artery

Question 17

transcortical motor aphasia is a non-fluent type of aphasia with

Answer 17

intact repeitition skills

Question 18

global aphasia - most commonly affected areas

Answer 18

lesions affecting both divisions of MCA and left fronto-parieto-temporal regions (including zone of language)

Question 19

global aphasia

Answer 19

most severe form of aphasia with a generalized effect on communication skills, deficits in both comprehension and expression

Question 20

wernickes aphasia - most commonly affected areas

Answer 20

posterior 3rd of superior-temporal gyrus (near wernicke’s area)

Question 21

wernickes aphasia - when it effects the primary temporal lobe lesions will result in…

Answer 21

deficits in understanding indvidual, isolated spoken words but can understand words with context (in a sentence)

Question 22

wernickes aphasia - when it effects the posterior temporal lobe lesions will result in more….

Answer 22

more changes in vision, more deficits in written language, less in language comprehension

Question 23

wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 23

fluent type of aphasia with poor comprehension

Question 24

conduction aphasia - most commonly affected areas

Answer 24

supramarginal gyrus, underlying white matter pathways, wernicke’s area, left insula, and auditory cortex

Question 25

conduction aphasia lesions...

Answer 25

isolated lesions in inferior parietal lobe or combo of lesions that affect left primary auditory cortex

Question 26

types of conduction aphasia

Answer 26

afferent and efferent

Question 27

afferent conduction aphasia

Answer 27

temporal lobe; impaired repetition and memory deficis

Question 28

efferent conduction aphasia

Answer 28

parietal and insular regions - phonemic deficits

Question 29

conduction aphasia

Answer 29

fluent type of aphasia with impaired repeitition skills

Question 30

anomic aphasia - most commonly affected areas

Answer 30

angular gyrus and second temporal gyrus

Question 31

anomic aphasia - damage to left inferior frontal region will have what deficits

Answer 31

action word deficits

Question 32

anomic aphasia - damage to left temporal region will have what deficits

Answer 32

deficits in naming nouns

Question 33

anomic aphasia

Answer 33

fluent type of aphasia with anomia as the primary symptom

Question 34

transocrtical sensory aphasia - most commonly affected areas

Answer 34

posterior parietal-temporal regions (excluding wenicke's) and bilateral lesions

Question 35

transcortical sensory aphasia

Answer 35

can co-occur with alzheimers disease; fluent type of aphasia with intact repetition skills

Question 36

borderline/subcortical aphasia

Answer 36

-often associated with damage to thalamus and basal ganglia

Question 37

anterior damage to internal capsule and putamen

Answer 37

severe form of dysaarthric articulation, mild repetition problems, naming, word finding, auditory comprehension problems, severe writing deficits, moderate reading difficulties

Question 38

posterior capsular putamen damage

Answer 38

severe auditory comprehension problems, fluent speech, significant naming/word finding problems, moderate reading and writing problems

Question 39

anterior and posterior damage to thalamus

Answer 39

global aphasia, nonfluent and extremely limited spontaneous speech, severe auditory comprehension issues, significant reading and writing, repetition, an naming difficulties

Question 40

posterior cerebral artery damage

Answer 40

parietal lobe (deficits in written lang)

Question 41

middle cerberal artery damage

Answer 41

deficits in oral language expression

Question 42

internal carotid artery damage

Answer 42

deficits in spoken and written language

Question 43

MCA both inferior and superior dvisions

Answer 43

more likely to cause aphasias with repetion deficits