apraxia

Question 1

apraxia of speech

Answer 1

neurogenic speech disorder with deficits in motor planning and programming

Question 2

features of apraxia

Answer 2

-slow overall speech rate
-increased sound distortions or distorted sound substituitons with increased utterance length or increased syllable/word articulatory complexity
-sound distortions
-groping

Question 3

limb-kinetic apracia

Answer 3

-loss of kinetic functions for one limb
-usually their right hand, but can be other limbs

Question 4

ideational apraxia

Answer 4

deficits in the execution of complex sequential movements. some consider it a severe form of ideomotor apraxia (pa ta ka)

Question 5

ideomotor apraxia

Answer 5

deficits in execution of learned movements in spite of intact mobility, sensation, coordination, and comprehension (know how to cough, pucker, etc. but cant on command)

Question 6

assessment of limb apraxia

Answer 6

-begin with least challenging tasks (pucker lips, smile)
-gestural tasks should include trails with imitation, trials on commands, and self generated trials

Question 7

assessment of oral apraxia

Answer 7

-begin with least challenging gestures (nonrespiratory intransitive gestures) (close lips, stick out tongue)
-elicit responses under different conditions (with modeling, following commands, and self-generated trials)

Question 8

primary diagnostic criteria

Answer 8

-slow rate of speech, including lengthened sound segments and intersegment durations
-sound distortions
-distorted, perceived sound substitutions
-inconsistent errors
-prosodic errors

Question 9

nondiscriminative characteristics of AOS

Answer 9

-articulatory groping
-perseverative errors
-increasing errors with increasing word length
-deficits in speech initiation
-automatic speech better than propositional speech

Question 10

treatment effects are examined based on 2 variables

Answer 10

-response generalization
-stimulus generalization

Question 11

response generalization

Answer 11

-treatment effects are assessed based on performance of either untrained examples of trained behaviors

Question 12

stimulus generalization

Answer 12

treatment effects are carried over outside of the therapy session (home, store, etc.)

Question 13

general treatment categories

Answer 13

-articulatory kinematics
-rate.rhythm
-AAC
-intersystemic facilitation/reorginzation

Question 14

response elaboration training *

Answer 14

clinican encourages client to produce an utterance of choice in response to picture stimuli. clinican then uses reinforcement, modeling, and forward chaining to expand the utterance
-use for aphasia and apraxia

Question 15

modified version of RET*

Answer 15

focus on increasing language production and techniques to promote speech production. this does not include specfic treatment techniques for apraxic speech production errors

Question 16

sound production treatment (SPT)

Answer 16

improve artic. of target sounds at word, phrase, and/or sentence level. includes modeling, repetition, minimal pairs, integral stimulation, artic. placement cueing and feedback

Question 17

combined aphasia and apraxia of speech treatment

Answer 17

includes modified version of RET and SPT to increase generalization of verbal lang. skills and to improve speech production

Question 18

when apraxia presents as the only predominant symptom of a neurodegenerative condition, it is called

Answer 18

primary progressive Apraxia

Question 19

limb gestures

Answer 19

-distal gestures
-proximal gestures
-intransitive gestures
-transitive gestures

Question 20

distal gestures

Answer 20

fine motor skills

Question 21

proximal gestures

Answer 21

-gross motor skills
-people with apraxia typically have trouble with distal compared to proximal
-proximal develops 1st

Question 22

intransitive gestures

Answer 22

do not require a tool (smiling, coughing)

Question 23

transitive gestures

Answer 23

do require a tool or object (brushing hair/teeth, blowing bubbles)
-people with apraxia have more difficult with transitive gestures

Question 24

types of oral gestures

Answer 24

-transitive
-intransitive
-respiratory gestures
-nonrespiratory gestures

Question 25

transitive oral gesture

Answer 25

drink out of cup

Question 26

intransitive oral gesture

Answer 26

pucker lips

Question 27

respiratory gestures

Answer 27

involve breathing (whistling, yawning)
-harder

Question 28

nonrespiratory gestures

Answer 28

do not involve breathing (smiling, laughing, coughing)

Question 29

easy to do

Answer 29

proximal, intransitive, away from the body movement (waving goodbye, giving high-five, shaking hands)

Question 30

hard to do

Answer 30

distal, transitive, on the body movements (putting on makeup, tweezing your brows)

Question 31

articulation ex (response generalization)

Answer 31

-untrained example of trained behaviors (gliding r-words, l-words)
-related behaviors (working on initial consonant deletion have them produce word lists and they can carry over same knowledge to final)

Question 32

reading ex (response generalization)

Answer 32

untrained ex of trained behaviors
-functional 10 phrases, give them new phrase, perform with new phrase