Chapter 18 First Half Flashcards
Attribution Theory
Suggests how we explain someone’s behavior - by crediting either the situation or the person’s disposition
Social Psychology
The scientific study of how we think about, influence and relate to one another
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition
Attitudes
Feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people and events
Foot-In-The-Door-Phenomenon
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply layer with a larger request
Phillip Zimbaeso-Stanford Prison Experiment
A toxic situation triggered degrading behaviors among those assigned to the guard role, while the prisoners broke down mentally
-failed
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent
Conformity
Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Normative Social Influence
Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Information Social Influence
Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept others’ opinions about reality
Social Facilitation
Stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
Social Loafing
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
Deindividuation
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
Group Polarization
The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
Groupthink
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
