Chapter 17 Viruses

Question 1

Virus

Answer 1

Infectious particle consisting of little more than genes packaged into a protein coat

Question 2

Viral genomes May consist of either

Answer 2

Double or single stranded DNA

Or

Double or single stranded RNA

Question 3

A protein Shell that encloses the viral genome

Answer 3

Capsid

Question 4

Membranous envelopes that help viruses infect hosts

Answer 4

Viral envelopes

Question 5

Bacteriophages

Answer 5

Are viruses that infect bacteria

Question 6

Each virus has a _______, a limited number of host cells it can infect

Answer 6

Host range

Question 7

Viral replicative cycle

Answer 7

Entry and uncoating

Replication

Transcription and manufacturing of capsid proteins

Self assembly of new virus particles and their exit from the cell

Question 8

Two reproductive mechanisms of phages

Answer 8

Lyric cycle and lysogenic cycle

Question 9

Lytic Cycle

Answer 9

Phage replicative cycle that culminates in the death of the host cell

Question 10

A phage that reproduces only by the lytic cycle is called

Answer 10

A virulent phage

Question 11

Lytic Cycle Steps

Answer 11

Attachment

Entry of phage dna and degradation of host dna

Synthesis of viral genomes and proteins

Self assembly

Release

Question 12

Lysogenic Cycle

Answer 12

Replicates the phage genome without destroying the host

Question 13

Phases that use both the lytic and lysogenic cycles are called

Answer 13

Temperate phages

Question 14

Prophage

Answer 14

Integrated viral dna

Question 15

Phage dna is often identified as foreign and cut up by

Answer 15

Restriction enzymes

Question 16

Two key variables used to classify viruses that infect animals

Answer 16

Nature of the viral genome (single, double, rna, dna)

The presence or absence of an envoy

Question 17

Retroviruses use _______ to copy their rna genome into dna

Answer 17

Reverse transcriptase

Question 18

HIV is the retrovirus that causes

Answer 18

AIDS

Question 19

Viral dna that is integrated into the host genome is called a

Answer 19

Provirus

Question 20

Vaccine

Answer 20

Is a harmless derivative of a pathogen that stimulates the immune system to mount defenses against a harmful pathogen

Question 21

Viruses that suddenly become apparent are called

Answer 21

Emerging viruses

Question 22

Epidemic

Answer 22

General outbreak

Question 23

Pandemic

Answer 23

Global epidemic

Question 24

Infection from an external source is called

Answer 24

Horizontal transmission

Question 25

Inherited the virus from a parent is called

Answer 25

Vertical transmission

Question 26

Prions

Answer 26

Proteins that are known to be infectious. Misfolded forms of proteins that convert normal profits the misfolded form.