Chapter 1 Evolution Flashcards
Define biology
Scientific study of life
Define evolution
The process of change that has transformed life on earth
5 unifying themes that help organize biological information.
(Only in elephants and mice i eat)
Organization Information Energy and matter Interactions Evolution
Levels of biological organization
Bitch eats cockroaches people, oh oh take candy on Monday
Biosphere ecosystem communities populations organisms organs tissues cells organelles molecules
Smallest unit of life
Cell
Molecules
Consist of two or more atoms
Organelles
Structure in a cell with a specific function
Tissue
Group of cells with a specific function
Organ and organ systems
Consist of two or more tissues
Organisms
Individual living things
Populations
Group of interbreeding individuals of a species
Community
All organisms in an area
Ecosystems
Living things in an area along with its non living components
Biosphere
Part of the earth inhabited by organisms both living and non living
Emergent Propertiea
Result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system. A functional bike emerges when all the parts connect in the correct way.
Reductionism
Is the reduction of complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study.
Systems biology constructs what?
Models for the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems
All cells are enclosed by a ________ and use ________ as the genetic material.
Membrane, dna
Two main forms of cells
Prokaryotic-no nucleus or organelles
Eukaryotic- nucleus and organelles present
Genes are made of _____ and are the units of ______ that are transmitted from parents to offspring.
DNA, inheritance
Genome
An organisms entire set of genetic instructions
Genomics
Study of sets genes within and between species
Proteomics
Study of sets of proteins and their properties
DNA is transcribed to _____ then translates into a ________
RNA , protein
Gene expression is
The process of converting information drone gene to cellular product (protein)
Dynamics of ecosystem include two major processes:
Cycling of nutrients and the flow of energy from sunlight to producers to consumers
Energy enters the ecosystem in the form of light and leaves in the form of
Heat
3 domains of life
Bacteria archaea eukarya
The domain eukarya includes three multicellular kingdoms:
Plantae Fungi and Animalia
Protist
Diverse eukaryotes, algae seaweed
Unity in diversity:
DNA is the universal genetic language common to all organisms
Darwin made two points:
Descent with modification and natural selection
