Chapter 17 - Therapies

Question 1

what is ECT used for

Answer 1

severe depression that has not responded to other treatments, especially with older adults and medically ill patients

Question 2

psychoactive agents

Answer 2

pharmacological agents that affect the individual’s psychological functioning

Question 3

extrapyramidal effects

Answer 3

symptoms similar to Parkinson’s disease - stooped posture, muscular rigidity, shuffling gait, drooling

Question 4

anxiolytics

Answer 4

used to alleviate symptoms of anxiety and muscle tension by reducing activity in parts of the CNS - lowers activity in SNS and lowers other body functions

Question 5

four categories of antidepressants

Answer 5

MAOI, TCA, SSRI, SNRI

Question 6

preferred antidepressants

Answer 6

SSRI and SNRI

Question 7

mood stabilizer preference

Answer 7

lithium

Question 8

what are stimulants used for

Answer 8

used for treatment in children and adult with ADHD

Question 9

side effects of stimulants

Answer 9

loss of appetite, sleep disturbance

Question 10

psychotherapy

Answer 10

process in which a professionally trained therapist uses techniques from psychological principles to relieve another person’s psychological distress or to promote growth

Question 11

classic psychoanalysts rely on which five basic techniques

Answer 11

1) free association
2) dream interpretation
3) interpretation
4) analysis of resistance
5) analysis of transference

Question 12

free association

Answer 12

individual says everything that comes to mind without censoring - therapist helps patient recognize motives and conflicts

Question 13

dream interpretation

Answer 13

distinguish between obvious content of dream and more important content (usually unconscious)

Question 14

interpretation

Answer 14

analyst interprets what client is saying - interprets unconscious conflicts that may induce defense mechanism

Question 15

analysis of resistance

Answer 15

client is unwilling to reveal some thoughts, situations - therapist must determine source of resistance if client is wants to deal with problem effectively

Question 16

analysis of transference

Answer 16

by recognizing transference relationship and remaining neutral therapist can help work through conflict

Question 17

transference

Answer 17

occurs when client responds to therapist as he responded to significant figures from childhood

Question 18

ego analysts

Answer 18

believe individuals can control their own behaviour - use Freudian techniques to explore ego rather than id

Question 19

what do ego analysts try to convey to individual

Answer 19

how individual has relied on defence mechanism to cope with conflicts

Question 20

what do Alderian therapists believe in

Answer 20

interpret dreams in terms of current behaviour, offer direct advice, and encourage new behaviors

Question 21

interpersonal psychodynamic psychotherapy

Answer 21

mental disorders resulted from maladaptive early interactions between child and parent

Question 22

is interpersonal psychodynamic psychotherapy a form of brief psychodynamic therapy

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

time-limited dynamic psychotherapy

Answer 23

involve client face-to-face contact but emphasize analysis of transference

Question 24

what does time-limited dynamic psychotherapy help identify

Answer 24

patterns of interaction with others that strengthen unhelpful thoughts about self and others

Question 25

therapeutic alliance

Answer 25

quality of the relationship between therapist and client is recognized to be a a predictor of therapy outcome

Question 26

humanistic-experimental approach emphasis

Answer 26

person's current experience rather than on the past

Question 27

client-centered therapy

Answer 27

emphasize warmth and permissiveness of there therapist and tolerance in which client can be expressed

Question 28

what does client-centered therapy examine

Answer 28

lack of meaning in person's life - work best with those who are having conflicts regarding their existence or those with anxiety/ personality disorders

Question 29

gestalt therapy

Answer 29

clients become aware of feelings and needs that have been ignored, distorted and recognize that these needs are a part of themselves and should be accepted

Question 30

emotion-focused therapy

Answer 30

client enters into an empathic relationship with a therapist who is directive and responsive to their experience

Question 31

response shaping

Answer 31

used to shape behaviour in gradual steps toward a goal

Question 32

behavioral activation

Answer 32

treatment of depress to help patients develop strategies to increase their overall activity and to counteract their tendencies to avoid activities

Question 33

exposure therapy

Answer 33

pairing anxiety-provoing stimuli with responses incompatible with anxiety would eliminate the anxiety response

Question 34

systematic desensitization

Answer 34

fear-inducing stimuli are arranged in a hierarchy

Question 35

assertiveness training

Answer 35

designed to help clients who have difficulty in conflict situations

Question 36

problem solving approach

Answer 36

applied in problems such as weight control, clinical depression, lack of social skills

Question 37

cognitive restructuring

Answer 37

people become more aware of their thoughts when they are experiencing strong emotions

Question 38

individual therapy

Answer 38

strictly client and therapist

Question 39

couples therapy

Answer 39

conjoint sessions but may also meet separately to discuss issues

Question 40

family therapy

Answer 40

common goal of family - identity interactions between family

Question 41

reframing

Answer 41

carry out tasks to change ways of interacting with each other

Question 42

main providers of psychotherapy

Answer 42

clinical psychologists

Question 43

treatment efficacy

Answer 43

defined as evidence of treatment effects when delivered in the context of a controlled study

Question 44

treatment effectiveness

Answer 44

evidence of effects when treatment is evaluated in real world context

Question 45

meta-analysis

Answer 45

simply a method of quantitatively reviewing previous research

Question 46

effect size

Answer 46

difference between means of experimental and control group

Question 47

two aims of ESR

Answer 47

identify elements of effective therapy relationships and to determine efficacious methods