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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 13 - Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Egodystonic homosexuality

A

conflicted homosexuals

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2
Q

sexual response stage

A

changes that occur in the body during sexual arousal, orgasm, and the return to the unaroused state

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3
Q

stages of sex

A

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution, refractory period

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4
Q

what may cause development of sexual dysfunctions

A

shame/ignorance about sex, anxiety about sex, lack of experience, low self confidence

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5
Q

lifelong sexual dysfunction

A

always experienced sexual problems

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6
Q

acquired sexual dysfunction

A

fairly recent onset of sexual problems

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7
Q

generalized sexual dysfunction

A

problems are apparent in all situations

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8
Q

situational sexual dysfunction

A

problems are apparent in one type of situation ex. specific partner

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9
Q

male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

A

when a client describes persistently or recurrently deficient/absent sexual/erotic thoughts or fantasies and desire for sexual activity

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10
Q

female sexual interest/arousal disorder

A

combination of lack of sexual interest and arousal disorder

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11
Q

what do sexual arousal disorders involve

A

when person has difficulty becoming physically aroused when the person desires such arousal

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12
Q

erectile disorder

A

difficulties with obtaining an erection during sexual activity, maintaining an erection until the completion of sexual activity

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13
Q

how long must symptoms in erectile disorder be present

A

must be distressing and present for a minimum of 6 months

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14
Q

female orgasmic disorder

A

presence of infrequency or absence of orgasm or reduced intensity of orgasmic sensations

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15
Q

how long must symptoms in female orgasmic disorder be present

A

minimum 6 months and must be distressing

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16
Q

delayed ejaculation

A

delay in ejaculation or infrequency/absence of ejaculation

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17
Q

how long must symptoms in delayed ejaculation be present

A

minimum 6 months and must be distressing

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18
Q

premature ejaculation

A

persistent/recurrent pattern of ejaculation occurring during partnered sexual activity within approximately 1 minute following vaginal penetration and before the individual wishes it

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19
Q

how long must symptoms in premature ejaculation be present

A

minimum 6 months and must be distressing

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20
Q

paraphilia

A

deviations from normal sexual interests - critical that disorder causes distress to self or others

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21
Q

gender differences in sexual behaviors

A

more similarities

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22
Q

are women non-specific

A

yes

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23
Q

are men specific

A

yes

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24
Q

gentio-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

A

persistent or recurrent difficulties with one or more of the following: vaginal penetration during intercourse, vulvovaginal/pelvic pain during sex/penetration, fear/anxiety about penetration, tensing/tightening of pelvic muscles during penetration

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25
how long must symptoms for gentio-pelvic pain/penetration disorder last?
at least 6 months and cause distress to the individual
26
hypersexuality
loss of control over sexual urges, fantasies and behaviors
27
assessment for hypersexuality
TSO - 7+ orgasms per week for 6+ months
28
risk factors for male erectile disorder
smoking, hypertension, diabetes, alcoholism, age
29
two types of premature ejaculation
primary and secondary
30
secondary premature ejaculation
occurs in men who previously had ejaculatory control - could be caused by trauma to the sympathetic nervous system, abdominal/pelvic injuries etc.
31
primary premature ejaculation
caused by various problems - conditioned response to rapid ejaculation or when men attempt sex under pressure
32
communication and exploration
understanding of own sensations and bodily response - acceptance of own body (use masturbation)
33
sensate focus
form of desensitization applied to sexual fears - step by step process
34
stop-start technique
with or without partner - start masturbating - when close, stop then repeat
35
squeeze technique
squeeze coronal ridge and prevents ejaculation by diminishing arousal
36
when are treatments for sexual dysfunctions most successful
for premature ejaculation and sexual pain disorders less for erectile dysfunction
37
gender identity
person's basic sense of self as male or female - first signs appear between 18-36 months
38
gender role
collection of characteristics that a society defines as masculine or feminine
39
gender dysphoria
discordant with person's sense of self
40
fetishistic disorder
sexual interest in nonliving objects or specific body parts - does not include cross-dressing
41
onset for fetishistic disorder
childhood or puberty
42
tranvestic disorder
sexual interest related to cross-dressing
43
impairment in fetishistic disorder
sexual relationships
44
impairment in transvestic disorder
conventional heterosexual relationships
45
exhibitionistic disorder
sexual arousal related to exposing one's genitals to another unsuspecting person
46
gender differences in exhibitionistic disorder
primarily affects men
47
voyeuristic disorder
sexual arousal related to observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, undressing or having sex
48
gender differences in voyeuristic disorder
primarily affects men
49
possible risk factors for exhibitionistic disorder
child sexual and emotional abuse, hypersexuality
50
possible risk factors for voyeuristic disorder
child sexual abuse, hypersexuality, substance abuse
51
frotteuristic disorder
sexual arousal related to touching or rubbing up against a non-consenting individual
52
gender differences in frotteuristic disorder
primarily affects men
53
possible risk factors for frotteuristic disorder
hypersexuality, antisocial behaviour
54
sexual sadism
sexual preference toward inflicting pain or psychological suffering on others and can be considered either a sexual variant or a sexual offence
55
sexual masochism
describes individuals who enjoy experiencing pain or humiliation from another individual
56
hypoxyphilia
choking, chest compression strangulation, etc
57
what paraphilias can be a crime
sexual sadism disorder, exhibitionistic disorder, voyeuristic disorder, frotteuristic disorder, pedophilic disorder
58
list of paraphilia disorders
sexual sadism disorder, exhibitionistic disorder, voyeuristic disorder, frotteuristic disorder, pedophilic disorder, fetishistic disorder, transvestic disorder, sexual masochism disorder
59
gender differences in pedophilic disorder
most often in males
60
pedophilic disorder
individuals who exhibit sexual fantasies, urges or behaviours involving children usually under 13
61
how old must the individual being assessed for pedophilic disorder be
at least 16 and 5 years older than victim
62
child molester
individual who has engaged in a sexually motivated act against a prepubescent child without indication of preference
63
pedophile
individual who has displayed preference for sexual behaviour with a child
64
problems with pedophilic disorder diagnosis
poor reliability, poor validity, unrelated to long term recidivism
65
three distinct arousal patterns seen in rapists
biastophilia, sadism, antisociality
66
biastophilia
sexual preference toward non consenting and resisting but not necessarily physically suffering victims
67
sadism
preference toward the suffering or humiliation of others
68
antisociality
marked sexual indifference to the interests and desires of others
69
klisaphilia
sexual satisfaction from receiving enemas
70
urophilia
sexual satisfaction from urine
71
coprophilia
sexual satisfaction from defection
72
necrophilia
sex with corpses
73
zoophilia/bestiality
sex with animals
74
scatologia
obscene telephone calls
75
courtship disorder theory
four phases in human sexual interactions 1) looking for and appraising a potential partner 2) posturing and displaying oneself to the partner 3) tactile interact with the partner 4) sexual intercourse
76
do patriarchal societies encourage rape
yes
77
what do comprehensive theories believe about sexual offending
there are vulnerabilities, family factors, culture that attract an individual to such behaviors
78
physical castration
removal of testicles - essentially removing body's production of testosterone (which promotes sex drive)
79
chemical castration
reduction in testosterone resulting form action of pharmacological treatment
80
comprehensive program
works on improving self-esteem and social and relationship skills to try and minimize offending
81
behavior therapy
eliminate deviant preferences and offending behaviour would disappear
82
how long must symptoms in adolescents/adults in gender dysphoria show
mismatch between experienced and assigned gender for at least 6 months
83
symptoms in adolescents/adults in gender dysphoria
- mismatch between gender + 2 other symptoms + distress/impairment - mismatch between experienced gender and sex characteristics - strong desire to get rid of current sex characteristics - strong desire for sex characteristics of the other gender - strong desire to be of a different gender - strong desire to be treated like a different gender - strong belief that you have the typical feelings and reactions of a different gender
84
how long must symptoms in kids in gender dysphoria show
mismatch between experienced and assigned gender for at least 6 months
85
symptoms in kids in gender dysphoria
- mismatch between gender + 6 other symptoms + distress/impairment - strong desire to be other gender or insistence that one is the other gender (necessary for diagnosis) - strong preference for other gender's clothing - strong preference for other gender's roles in fantasy play - strong preference for other gender's toys - strong preference for playmates of the other gender - strong rejection of assigned gender's activities - strong dislike of own sexual anatomy - strong desire for sexual characteristics of other gender
86
heritability of gender dysphoria
- more in twins, gender identity - strong biological influence
87
treatment of gender dysphoria in adults
- fitting into assigned gender role, gender bending, hormone therapy, surgery, full sexual reassignment surgery, top surgery only
88
sex reassignment surgery requirements
- 12 months of continuous experience living as a different gender - 12 months of continuous hormone replacement theory - if required, regular participation in psychotherapy
89
treatment of gender dysphoria in children in non-acceptance of gender dysphoria
- encourage gender "appropriate" behaviours and discourage cross-gender behaviours - long-term efficacy unknown
90
treatment of gender dysphoria in children in acceptance of gender dysphoria
- encourage and accept cross-gender behaviours - hormone replacement - prevent onset of puberty - sex reassignment

Abnormal Psychology (14 decks)

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