Chapter 17: Qualitative Research-Trustworthiness & Integrity

Question 1

Trustworthiness is a term used for _____ and has several components.

Answer 1

quality

Qualitative research has conflicting debates about how to judge the quality of its research.

Question 2

Name the 5 Components of Trustworthiness:

Answer 2

1) Credibility
2) Dependability
3) Confirmability
4) Transferability
5) Authenticity

Question 3

Qualitative Studies + Trustworthiness:
_________ is a measure of truth in the data and how it is interpreted; looks at the way a study is carried out to demonstrate the findings are believable and takes steps to demonstrate ______ to external readers.

Answer 3

Credibility (for both blanks)

Question 4

Qualitative Studies + Trustworthiness:

________ relates to the ability of the study findings to be repeated in similar circumstances.

Answer 4

Dependability

Question 5

Qualitative Studies + Trustworthiness:

If a study is not dependable, then it is not _______.

Answer 5

credible

Question 6

Qualitative Studies + Trustworthiness:

________ is making sure the data reflects the participants’ view or voice rather than the researcher’s bias.

Answer 6

Confirmability

Question 7

Qualitative Studies + Trustworthiness:

_________ is the ability for the results to be applied or assumed for other settings.

Answer 7

Transferability

Question 8

Qualitative Studies + Trustworthiness:
________ is the ability for readers to get a true sense of a participant’s lived experience. It reflects the ability of the researchers to faithfully show a range of different realities.

Answer 8

Authenticity = range of different realities

Question 9

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality

What are 6 strategies to increase Quality?

Answer 9

1) Prolonged engagement
2) Persistent observation
3) Reflexivity
4) Triangulation
5) Audit trail
6) Member Check

Question 10

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality
_____________ is the investment of sufficient time collecting data to have an in-depth understanding of the culture, language, or views of the people or group under study.

What does this involve doing with participants/patients?

Answer 10

Prolonged engagement

Prolonged time supports building a rapport with patients to get rich information.

Question 11

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality
__________________ refers to researcher’s focus on the characteristics or aspects of a situation that are relevant to the phenomena being studied.

Answer 11

Persistent observation

Question 12

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality
________ is the ability of a researcher to be mindful of their own bias on the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data.

What tool should researchers utilize to achieve this?

Answer 12

Reflexivity

Reflexive journaling allows researchers to be in tune with their own feelings to remain objective.

Question 13

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality

_______ is the clearest strategy that addressed researcher bias.

Answer 13

Reflexivity

Question 14

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality

________ uses multiple referents to draw conclusions about what constitutes truth and seeks to overcome intrinsic bias.

Answer 14

Triangulation

Question 15

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality

Name the 2 methods of Triangulation:

Answer 15

1) Data Triangulation

2) Method Triangulation

Question 16

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality

______ triangulation refers to gathering data through interviews, observation, documents, or other techniques.

Answer 16

Method Triangulation

Question 17

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality
______ triangulation uses multiple data sources to validate conclusions.

The 3 factors used are _____, ______, and ______.

Answer 17

Data Triangulation

3 factors:

1) Time: refers to collecting data at different points in time
2) Space: refers to using multiple sites for data collection
3) Person: refers to using different types of people with different roles.

Question 18

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality
__________ is creating a collection of raw data, methodological notes, topic guides, and drafts created by the researcher. The goal is to allow another investigator to assess the data and draw conclusions.

Answer 18

audit trail

Question 19

Qualitative Studies + Data Collection Quality
_____________ is the process of going back to study participants to describe themes identified to see if the participants agree.

Answer 19

Member checking

Question 20

Qualitative Studies: Data Collection + Coding

Name the 5 strategies for data collection related to Coding:

Answer 20

1) Investigator Triangulation
2) Disconfirming cases
3) Negative case analysis
4) Peer debriefing
5) Inquiry Audit

Question 21

Qualitative Studies: Data Collection + Coding

_______ triangulation uses multiple researchers for data collection, coding, and analysis.

Answer 21

Investigator Triangulation

Question 22

Qualitative Studies: Data Collection + Coding

_____________ is a process of looking for evidence that contradicts the themes identified.

Answer 22

Disconfirming cases

Question 23

Qualitative Studies: Data Collection + Coding
___________ is when researchers search for cases that contradict findings to revise their interpretations in an effort to have their interpretations true for all cases.

Answer 23

Negative case analysis

Question 24

Qualitative Studies: Data Collection + Coding
__________ presents data collected to other experts in the field. The experts probe the data and interpretations to see if anything was missed or if there is evidence of bias.

Answer 24

Peer debriefing

Question 25

Qualitative Studies: Data Collection + Coding
_________ occurs after an audit trail is performed. A selected external reviewer examines the audit trail for trustworthiness and findings.

Answer 25

inquiry audit

Question 26

Qualitative Studies: 2 Strategies Related to Presentation

Answer 26

1) Thick Description

2) Researcher Credibility

Question 27

Qualitative Studies: Strategies Related to Presentation
___________ refers to a rich, thorough, and vivid description of the research context, the study participants, and events and experiences observed during the inquiry.

Answer 27

Thick description

Question 28

Qualitative Studies: Strategies Related to Presentation
_____________ is a reflection of the qualifications, experience, and reflexivity of the researcher. It can be used in the study by describing the researcher in the study as well as any associations the researcher has with the participants.

Answer 28

Researcher Credibility

Question 29

Qualitative Studies: Strategies Related to Presentation

Related to Researcher Credibility, any efforts discussed to address _______ increase the researcher’s credibility.

Answer 29

reflexivity