Chapter 17 - Immunity and Diseases Flashcards
What are pathogens
disease cuasing agents like bacteria and viruses
when were pathogens discovered
in the last few hundred years
Who made the first vaccination and what did he made a vaccine for
An english doctor, Edward Jenner, devoloped a vaccine for smallpox
what was Edward Jenner’s first vaccine
he injected a boy with pus from cowpox, which made him resistant to the smallpox virus.
when did people start to make the connection between Pathogens and disease
in the mid 1800’s
what did microscopes permit people to do
to observe pathogens
who developed a microscope that premited humans to see bacteria in pond water
Anton Van Leeuwnhoek
who discovered that bacteria outside the body causes wounds to decay
Louis Pasteur
how did louis pasteur discover he could kill bacteria
discovered he could kill bacteria in boiling liquids
what is pasteurization
process where a food is heated to a tempature that kills harmful bacteria without altering the food
what did Robert Koch prove
that each infectious disease was caused by a specific pathogen
what did the percentege of deaths after surgery drop to after Joeseph Lister made surgery safer by devolping a mising system to use in the operating room
dropped from 45% to 15%
differnt diseases are caused by different kinds of ______
Pathogens
Bacteria is a pathogen, what disease can bacteria cause
ear infections, strep, pneumonia….
in what year was the connection between pathogens and disease first made
mid 1800’s
how was the connection between pathogens and disease first made
John snow mapped out breaks of cholera and realized the origin was just from one water supply
how does bacteria damage cells
damages cells directly or produces toxins
what can viruses cause
cause, flu, colds chicken pox, aids
what are viruses
non-living particals that invade cells, reporduce and destroy their host
what can fungi cause
cuases athletes foot, yeast infections…
what is fungi
molds and yeasts that grow in warm, moist places
what can pathogens be transmitted through?
food, water, insects, and infected individuals
what are infectious diseases
diseases caused by pathogens that can be passes from one person to another
what are the different ways infections diseases can be transmitted
infected people, soil, water, food and infected animals