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Science > Chapter 14 - Structure and Movement Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 14 - Structure and Movement Terms Flashcards

Chapter 14 terms

1
Q

What is a human body system?

A

a system is a collection of parts that interact with one another

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2
Q

What is input?

A

the matter, energy, or information that enters a system

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3
Q

What is an example of input

A

when you exercise, heat is detected by special cells and receptors

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4
Q

What is processing?

A

the changing of an input to achieve a goal

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5
Q

What is an example of processing

A

a part in the brain processes the input from the receptor cells and sends a message that the body is too warm

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6
Q

What is output?

A

the materiel, energy, or information that leaves the system

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7
Q

What is an example of output

A

you sweat to cool down

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8
Q

What is feedback in systems?

A

systems can use information to monitor and change the input, process, and output

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9
Q

What is an example of feedback in systems

A

you breathe faster when you exercise to bring in more oxygen

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10
Q

Body systems work together to maintain _______

A

homeostasis

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11
Q

What is thinking systems

A

if you think of the systems and how they work, you can make choices that are beneficial to your overall health

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12
Q

How many bones does a human adult have

A

206 different bones

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13
Q

How many bones does a newborn have

A

275-300 bones

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14
Q

What is the function of the skeleton

A

provides shape and support

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15
Q

What is the vertebrae

A

series of 26 small bones that make up your spinal column

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16
Q

What does the design of the vertebrae permit

A

flexibility and movement

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17
Q

What are muscles attached to

A

the skeleton

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18
Q

What works together to permit movement

A

bones and muscles

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19
Q

What are the 5 functions of the skeleton

A

Provides shape/support, enables movement, protection, produces blood cells, stores minerals.

20
Q

Do bones serve as protection for major organs?

A

yes

21
Q

Where are most blood cells produced

A

red blood cells are produced in the center of some bones

22
Q

What type of minerals do bones store until the body needs to use them

A

calcium and phosphorus

23
Q

what is the center of the bone called

A

bone marrow

24
Q

what is a system

A

a system is a collection of parts that interact with one another

25
Q

can bones repair themselves

A

yes, but it takes time

26
Q

what is a fracture

A

a break in a bone

27
Q

what is arthritis

A
  • a disease that causes the joints to become irritated or inflamed, such as when the cartilage is damaged or worn away
  • causes pain and/or limits the range of motion in the joint
28
Q

what is Osteoporosis

A
  • a condition where bones have mineral loss resulting in bones being weak & brittle & can be easily broken
29
Q

is Osteoporosis more common in men or woman

A

woman

30
Q

what can Osteoporosis do

A
  • can change a person & skeleton & shape
  • can cause fractures
31
Q

what can help maintain healthy bones

A

a combination of diet and exercise

32
Q

what are voluntary muscles

A

muscles that you have to think about to control

32
Q

where do bones supply calcium to

A

nerves, muscles, and heart

33
Q

what are involuntary muscles

A

muscles that you dont have to think about

34
Q

exercise will increase the size of what

A

individual cells, which will increase the size of overall muscle groups

35
Q

what do muscles need to be healthy

A

needs protein, fiber, potassium, provides energy to contract

36
Q

what are muscle cramps

A

the muscle contracts strongly & stays contracted

37
Q

what can muscle cramps be caused by

A

dehydration, low levels of calcium or magnesium, buildup of lactic acid

38
Q

what is homeostasis

A

maintains body temperature by converting chemical energy to thermal energy

39
Q

why does the heart pump faster during exercise

A

to pump more blood & oxygen to the cells

40
Q

what system is the skin part of

A

integumentary system

41
Q

what is the integumentary system

A

all the external coverings of the body including skin, hair & nails

42
Q

what is Temperature Regulation

A

helps to control body tempature

43
Q

when warm, what happens to the skin

A

sweat coats the skin, then evaportates

44
Q

when will the skin produce vitiman D

A

when exposed to sunshine

45
Q

why is vitiman D necessary

A

to absorb calcium & phosphorus

46
Q
A

Science (6 decks)

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