Chapter 17 - Hormone packet

Question 1

What is the official name of the Anterior pituitary gland?

Answer 1

adenohypophysis

Question 2

GH

Answer 2

Growth Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
F: Promotes body growth with IGF (insulin-like growth factor), elevate blood glucose
S: GHRH - growth hormone releasing hormone

Question 3

TSH

Answer 3

Thyroid-Strimulating Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
F: Elevate metabolism by stim. thyroid
S: TRH from hypothalamus

Question 4

ACTH

Answer 4

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
F: Stimulate adrenal cortex to release cortisol
S: CRH from hypothalamus

Question 5

FSH

Answer 5

Follicle-stimulating Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
F: female - initiate development of oocyte, secretion of estrogen from ovaries; male - stimulate testes to produce sperm
S: GnRH from hypothalamus

Question 6

LH

Answer 6

Luteinizing Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
F: female - secretion of estrogen, ovulation, progesterone, corpus luteum; male - stimulates testes to produce testosterone
S: GnRH from hypothalamus

Question 7

PRL

Answer 7

Prolactin
Anterior Pituitary
F: Stimulate milk production
S: CRH from hypothalamus

Question 8

OT

Answer 8

Oxytocin
Posterior Pituitary
F: Promote milk letdown, cause uterine contractions during birth
S: Birth contraction, infant suckling

Question 9

ADH

Answer 9

Vasopressin
Posterior Pituitary
F: Inhibit urination by absorbing water at the collecting ducts (inside the kidneys)
S: low blood pressure

Question 10

T4/T3

Answer 10

Thyroid
F: increase metabolism
S: TSH

Question 11

Calcitonin

Answer 11

Thyroid
F: decrease blood calcium, move calcium into bones (decrease osteoclast “bone breakdown” activity)
S: Elevated blood calcium

Question 12

PTH

Answer 12

Parathyroid Hormone
Parathyroid
F: increases blood calcium (increase osteoclast activity, absorption of Ca in intestines, reabsorption of Ca in kidney)
S: Low blood calcium

Question 13

Insulin

Answer 13

Pancreas
F: Lower blood glucose
S: High blood sugar

Question 14

Glucagon

Answer 14

Pancreas
F: Raises blood glucose
S: Low blood glucose

Question 15

Aldosterone

Answer 15

Adrenal cortex
F: Raises blood pressure by reabsorbing sodium and water at nephron
S: low blood pressure

Question 16

Leptin

Answer 16

Adipose cells, Stomach
F: satiety, enlarges bones
S: Eating food

Question 17

Ghrelin

Answer 17

Stomach
F: hunger sensation, activate stomach acid secretion for digestion, decreased by atropine by 25%
S: Lack of food intake

Question 18

Melatonin

Answer 18

Pineal
F: Induces sleep
S: Darkness (~23:00)

Question 19

Thymosins

Answer 19

Thymus
F: increase immunity by causing maturation of T-cells
S: Childhood

Question 20

Where is the thymus?

Answer 20

Right in front of the heart

Question 21

Epinephrine/Norepinephrine

Answer 21

Adrenal medulla
F: increase blood pressure, blood glucose, sympathetic nervous system response
S: Stress

Question 22

Cortisol

Answer 22

Adrenal cortex
F: increase blood glucose, amino acids, fatty acids in blood, anti-inflammatory
S: ACTH

Question 23

Testosterone

Answer 23

Testis
F: secondary male sex characteristics, regulate spermatogenesis, descends testes before birth
S: LH from anterior pituitary

Question 24

Estrogen & Progesterone

Answer 24

Ovary
F: secondary female sex characteristics, regulate menstrual cycle, prepare mammary glands for lactation, maintain pregnancy, regulate oogenesis
S: FSH & LH from anterior pituitary