Chapter 16- Nutrition/Digestive Flashcards
The terminal one inch of the rectum
Anal canal
The passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems for distribution to the body’s cells
Absorption
First part of the colon
Ascending colon
Pouch like first part of the large intestine
Cecum
The digested, viscous, semifluid contents of the intestine
Chyme
Largest part of the large intestine
Colon
The portion of a tooth above the level of the gums
Crown
The elimination from the body of those substances that are indigestible and cannot be absorbed
Defecation
The process of swallowing
Deglutition
Part of the colon on the left side of the body
Descending colon
The breakdown of food by both mechanical and chemical mechanisms
Digestion
Shortest and first parT of the small intestine
Duodenum
Collapsible, muscular tube located beging the trachea that transports food to the stomach
Esophagus
Separates the two lobes of the liver
Falciform ligament
The soft mass of chewed food
Food bolus
The rounded portion above and to the left of the cardia
Fundus
Pear-shaped sac located in a depression of the surface of the liver
Gallbladder
Connects the esophagus w the stomach
Gastroesophageal sphincter
He name given to the digestive tube that runs from the mouth to the anus; alimentary canal
Gastrointestinal tract
Animal starch
Glycogen
The opening from the ileum of the small intestine into the cecum of the large intestine
ileocecal valve
Third part of the small intestine measuring 12 ft in length
ileum
The taking of food into The body
Ingestion
The second part of the small intestine measuring a feet in length
Jejunum
The last part of the digestive tract measuring 5 feet in length; the bowel
Large intestine
Largest organ of the digestive system
Liver
Chewing
Mastication
A large digestive gland of the alimentary canal
Pancreas
Projections of the lamina propria covered w epithelium ; produces the rough surface of the tongue
Papillae
Enzyme that begins to break down proteins
Pepsin
The physical movement or pushing of food along the digestive tract
Peristalsis
The connection between the stomach and beginning of the duodenum
Pyloric sphincter
Narrow inferior reg of the stomach; also called Antrum
Pylorus
The last 7 to 8 inches of gastrointestinal tract
Rectum
A projection of the tooth embed in a socket
Root
Place where absorption and digestion occur
Small intestine
The second part of the colon found under the liver
Transverse colon
Projections on the pilcae of the mucosal coat of the small intestine that increase absorptive surface area
Villi
Inflammation of the liver caused by excessive alcohol consumption or by a virus infection
Hepatitis
A long term degenerative disease of the liver in which the lobes are covered w fibrous connective tissue
Cirrhosis
Affect about 20% of the population over 40 years of age and is more prevalent in women than men
Gallstones
An inflammation of the vermiform appendix caused by an obstruction
Appendicitis
Live in the small intestine. From improperly cooked pork, beef or fish
Tapeworm infections
Inflammation of the pancreas caused by damage to the organ due to alcohol abuse, disease or drugs
Pancreatitis
