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Physilogy And Anatomy > Chapter 12 endocrine system Review > Flashcards

Chapter 12 endocrine system Review Flashcards

0
Q

A small gland about the size of a pea, hormones affect the functions of many other endocrine glands

A

Pituitary gland/hypophysis

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1
Q

This chemical control of the body functions primarily as a

A

Negative feedback loop

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2
Q

Stimulates cell metabolism in most tissues of the body, causing cells to divide and increase in size

A

Growth hormone: GH

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3
Q

Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce its hormone

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

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4
Q

Stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its hormone called cortisol

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

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5
Q

Increases the production of melanin in melanocytes in the skin

A

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

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6
Q

Stimulates development of the follicles in the reproductive organs

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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7
Q

Stimulates ovulation and production of the female sex hormone progesterone

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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8
Q

Stimulates milk production in the mammary glands following delivery in a pregnant female

A 
Lactogenic hormone (LTH) 
Aka prolactin
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9
Q

Maintains the body’s water balance by promoting increased water reabsortion in the tubules of the nephrons of kidneys

A 
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH),
Vasopressin
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10
Q

Stimulates contraction of smooth muscles int the wall of the uterus

A

Oxytocin (OT)

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11
Q

Consist of two loves connected by a smaller band call the isthmus

A

Thyroid gland

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12
Q

When the thyroid gland enlarges

A

Goiter

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13
Q

Contains four iodine stones and is abbreviated as T4

A

Thyroxine,

Tetraiodothyronine

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14
Q

Contains 3 iodine atoms and is abbreviated as T3

A

Triiodothyronine

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15
Q

An accumulation of fluid in subcutaneous tissues

A

Myxedema

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16
Q

Type of hyperthyroidism caused by overproduction of thyroid hormone

A

Graves’ disease

17
Q

The extra follicular cells of the thyroid gland secrete a hormone called

A

Calcitonin

18
Q

Four glands about the size of raisins that are embedded in the posterior surface is the thyroid gland

A

Parathyroid glands

19
Q

Secrete a single hormone

A

Parathyroid hormone,

Parathormone (PTH)

20
Q

Small glands found in top of each kidney

A

Adrenal glands,

Suprarenal

21
Q

The inner part of each gland ( on kidney )

A

Adrenal medulla

22
Q

Outermost part of the kidney

A

Adrenal cortex

23
Q

Hormones are released in response to signals from the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

A

Norepinephrine/noradrenaline

24
Q

Regulated sodium reabsortion and potassium excretion by the kidneys

A

Aldosterone

25
Q

A glucocorticoid hormone

A

Cortisol/ hydrocortisone

26
Q

Hormones regulates blood glucose levels

A

Insulin and glucagon

27
Q

Secrete the hormone glucagon

A

Alpha cells

28
Q

Secrete the hormone insulin

A

Beta cells

29
Q

Principal male sex hormone

A

Testosterone

30
Q

Promote the development of the female reproductive structures

A

Progesterone

31
Q

Very common disorder of the endocrine system; caused by a deficiency in insulin production

A

Diabetes mellitus

32
Q

Chronic elevations of glucose in the blood ; condition

A

Hyperglycemia

33
Q

Large amount of sugar in the urine

A

Glycosuria

34
Q

Increase in urine production

A

Polyuria

35
Q

Craves large amounts of liquid, thirsty ass

A

Polydipsia

36
Q

Food cravings

A

Polyphagia

37
Q

Bilobed mass of tissue found in the mediastinum behind the sternum between the two lungs

A

Thymus gland

38
Q

Causes the production of certain white blood cells called T lymphocytes

A

Thymosin

39
Q

Small pine cone-shaped structure found between the two cerebral hemispheres attached to the upper part of the thalamus near the top of the third ventricle

A

Pineal gland/ body

40
Q

Secreted directly into cerebrospinal fluid

A

Melatonin

41
Q

Secreted by the pineal gland and acts as a neurotransmitter and vasoconstrictor

A

Serotonin

Physilogy And Anatomy (13 decks)

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