Chapter 14- Cardiovascular Flashcards
Found in the opening where the ascending aorta leaves the left ventricle
Aortic semilunar valve
Largest artery in the body
Aorta
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heat
Arteries
Small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries
Arterioles
Mitral valve; valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
Bicuspid valve
Microscopic blood vessels where exchange of nutrients and oxygen and waste and carbon dioxide gas occurs between blood and tissue cells
Capillaries
Blood circulatory route that supplies the brain w oxygen and nutrients and disposes of waste
Cerebral circulation
Connect the pointed ends of the flaps or cusps to the papillary muscles in the ventricles of the heart
Chordae tendineae
Generates and distributes electrical impulses over the heart to stimulate cardiac muscle fibers or cells to contract
Conduction system
Supply the walls of the heart w oxygenated blood
Coronary arteries
Phase of relaxation of the heart
Diastole
Innermost layer of the heart wall
Endocardium
Circulation route that exists only between the developing fetus and its mother
Fetal circulation
Route between the digestive tract and the liver
Hepatic portal circulation
Brings blood to the heart from the lower parts of the body; also called posterior vena cava
Inferior (posterior) vena cava
Separates the right and left ventricles of the heart
Inter ventricular septum
One of the upper chambers of the heart
Left atrium
A hollow core
Lumen
Second layer of the wall of the heart
Myocardium
Small conical projections on the inner surface of the ventricles
Papillary muscle
Membrane covering the heart
Pericardial sac
Circulatory route that goes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
Pulmonary circulation
Found in the opening where the pulmonary trunk exits the right ventricle
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Enter the left atrium of the heart
Pulmonary veins
One of the upper chambers of the heart
Right atrium
Lower chamber of the heart
Right ventricle
Initiates each cardiac cycle and sets the pace for the heart rate; aka pacemaker
Sinistral (SA) node
Brings blood from the upper parts of the body to the right atrium of the heart
Superior (anterior) vena cava
Blood circulation to the body not including the lungs
Systemic circulation
Phrase of contraction
Systole
Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
Tricuspid valve
Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart
Veins
Results from untreated infections w the bacterium strep
Rheumatic heart disease
Inflammation of the endocardium
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the myocardium , which can cause a heart attack
Myocarditis
inflammation of the pericardium caused by viral or bacterial infection and is very painful
Pericarditis
A disease of the arteries in which cholesterol-containing masses called plaque accumulate on the inside of arterial walls
Atherosclerosis
Progressive weakening of the myocardium and failure of the Herat to pump adequate amounts of blood
Heart failure
Can cause enlargement of the heart leading to heart failure; aka high blood pressure
Hypertension
Any deviation from a normal heartbeat rhythm
Arrhythmia
An abnormal heart sound akin to a fluttering or a humming sound like a gentle blowing
Heart murmur
Aka cardiac pain
Angina pectoris
When one or both of the bicuspid/mitral cusps project back into the left atrium during contraction of the ventricles
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) syndrome
