Chapter 11 nervous system Review Flashcards
Contains all the ascending and descending tracts that connect between the spinal cord and various parts of the brain
Medulla oblongata
Consists of medulla oblongata, the pons varolii, and the midbrain
The brain stem
Contains the ventral cerebral peduncles that convey implies from the cerebral cortex to the pin and spinal ford
Midbrain (mensencephalon)
Hypophysis; the major glan of the endocrine system
Pituitary gland
An endocrine glan located in the epithalamus of the diencephalon that produces the hormone melatonin
Pineal gland
Makes up bulk of the brain. ( lol the bottom meaty bugle )
Cerebrum
Composed of gray matter
Cerebral cortex
The right and left gables of the cerebrum
Cerebral hemispheres
Deep bridge of nerve fiber known as the
Corpus callosum
Forms the anterior portion of each hemisphere
Frontal lobe
Behind the frontal lobe and is separated from it by the central sulcus
Parietal lobe
Beneath the frontal and Partietal lobes and is separated from then by the lateral fissure
Temporal lobe
Second largest portion of the brain. It is shaped somewhat like a butterfly
Cerebellum
Connects the brain to the spinal cord; one of the four major parts of the brain.
Brainstem
Entirely sensory and conveys impulses related to smell
Olfactory nerve 1
Entirely sensory and conveys impulses related to sight
Optic nerve 2 (II)
A motor nerve. Controls movements of the eyeball and upper eyelid
Oculomotor nerve (III) 3
Entirely sensory. Transmits impulses related to equilibrium and hearing
Vestibulocochear nerve (VIII)
Are the sensory structures found on certain papillae
Taste buds
Are elevations of the tongue, that detect taste stimuli
Papillae
The second type of cell forms the interior of the
Taste buds
white and composed of tough connective tissue; the outermost layer
Sclera
The transparent part of this outermost layer that permits light to enter the eye
Cornea
Innermost layer of the eye. Gray in color and contains the light sensitive cells
Retina
Consists of smooth muscles that hold the biconvex, transparent and flexible lens in place
Ciliary body
The colored part of the eye consisting of smooth muscle that surrounds the pupil
Iris
Circular opening in the iris of the eye
Pupil
Fluid that fills the posterior compartment of the eye behind the lens
Vitreous humor
Earwax
Cerumen
Ear bone referred to as the hammer
Malleus
Ear bone referred to as stirrup
Stapes
Severe mental deterioration
Alzheimer’s disease
Caused by a thrombus or embolus that blocks circulation resulting in cellular death
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke
Inflamm of the meninges caused by bacteria or viral infection
Meningitis
Inflammation of brain tissue usually caused by a virus
Encephalitis
A disease caused by progressive demyelination of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Middle ear infection ; most commonly in children
Otitis media
Caused by a bacterial infection of the conjunctiva of the eye
Conjunctivitis
Commonly called nearsightedness
Myopia
Commonly called farsightedness
Hyperopia
Decreased in the ability of the eye to accommodate for near vision. ; commonly in elderly
Presbyopia
Inability to perceive one or more colors ; commonly in males
Color blindness
Constant stimulation of the circular canals of the inner ear due to motion, resulting in nausea and weakness
Motion sickness
The lens of the eye becomes cloudy due to a buildup of protein materials
Cataracts
Aqueous humor in front of the lens, leads increased pressure in the eye
Glaucoma
