Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DAT Biology > Chapter 16- endocrine > Flashcards

Chapter 16- endocrine Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does GnRH stimulate the release of

A

LH and FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what releases GnRH

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what releases LH and FSH

A

anterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what releases CRF/CRH

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does CRF/CRH stimulate the release of

A

ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does ACTH act on

A

adrenal cortex to increase glucocorticoid levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what synthesizes oxytocin

A

hypothalamic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where is oxytocin stored

A

posterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what synthesizes ADH

A

hypothalamic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where is ADH stored

A

posterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the tropic hormones for the anterior pituitary

A

FSH, LH, ACTH, and TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the direct hormones for the anterior pituitary

A

prolactin, endorphins, GH, and MSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does FSH do

A

women- causes maturation of ovarian follicles which secrete estrogen
men- stimulates maturation of the seminiferous tubules and sperm production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does LH do

A

women- stimulates ovulation and maintenance of the corpeus luteum, progesterone secretion
men- stimulates interstitial cells of the testes to synthesize testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does ACTH do

A

stimulates adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what regulates ACTH

A

CRF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does TSH do

A

stimulates thyroid gland to synthesize and release thyroid hormones, T4 and T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does prolactin do

A

stimulates milk production in mammary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what do endorphins do

A

NTs that have pain relieving properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does GH do

A

promotes bone and muscle growth, protein synthesis and lipid mobilization and catabolism

21
Q

what does MSH do

A

in mammals- plays a role in the sun-darkening of the skin

in amphibians- the role is reversed for camouflage

22
Q

what does oxytocin do

A

secreted during childbirth, increases the strength and frequency of uterine muscle contractions , also stimulates milk secretion in mammary glands

23
Q

what does ADH do

A

increases water permeability in the collecting duct of the nephron, promoting water reabsorption and increasing blood volume

24
Q

when is ADH secreted

A

when plasma osmolarity increases, sensed by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, or when blood volume decreases sensed by baroreceptors in the circulatory system

25
Q

what are examples of glucocorticoids

A

cortisol and cortisone

26
Q

what do glucocorticoids do

A

raise blood glucose levels by promoting protein breakdown and gluconeogenesis and decreasing protein synthesis, trigger release of amino acids by skeletal muscle and lipids from adipose tissue

27
Q

what is an example of mineralcorticoids

A

aldosterone

28
Q

what do mineralocorticoids do

A

causes active reabsorption of sodium and passive water reabsorption of water at the nephron of the kidney, increase in blood volume and blood pressure

29
Q

what stimulates mineralocortiocoids

A

angiotensin II

30
Q

what inhibits mineralocorticoids

A

ANP

31
Q

what regulates angiotensin II

A

lungs and kidney

32
Q

what produces ANP

A

the heart

33
Q

what are examples of androgens

A

male sex hormones

34
Q

what do androgens do

A

effect in men is small, in women- overproduction of these can have masculinizing effects (facial hair)

35
Q

what does the adrenal medulla produce

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

36
Q

what are examples of catecholamines

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

37
Q

what are catecholamines made of

A

amino acids

38
Q

what does epinephrine do

A

increases the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver and muscle tissue, causing an increase in blood glucose levels, and in increase in basal metabolic rate

39
Q

what does calcitonin do

A

decreases plasma Ca2+ concentration by inhibiting release of calcium from bone

40
Q

what does PTH do

A

increases plasma Ca2+ concentration

41
Q

what synthesizes PTH

A

parathyroid glands

42
Q

what is renin

A

an enzyme that converts the plasma protein angiotensin to angiotensin I

43
Q

what produces erythropoietin

A

the kidneys

44
Q

what does the pineal gland secrete

A

melatonin

45
Q

what pathway do peptide hormones initiate when they bind to surface receptors

A

cyclic AMP pathway

46
Q

where are receptors for steroid hormones located

A

intracellular

47
Q

how do steroid hormones travel in the bloodstream

A

binds to a carrier protein

48
Q

how do peptide hormones travel in the bloodstream

A

dissolves and travels freely

DAT Biology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions