Chapter 16

Question 1

Clinical psychology

Answer 1

An area of psychology that combines science and theory to create prevention and treatment programs for psychological disorders

Question 2

Psychotherapy

Answer 2

Uses nonmedical strategies like communication, active listening, and learning to help people with psychological disorders

Question 3

Medical or biomedical therapies

Answer 3

Biological treatments designed to help reduce physical symptoms of psychological disorders

Question 4

Empirically supported treatment

Answer 4

A treatment approach that relies on scientific research findings to develop treatment options for psychological disorders

Question 5

Evidence-based practice

Answer 5

Uses three criteria to make desicions about treatment options: best available research, therapist’s professional judgement, and client characteristics

Question 6

Therapeutic alliance

Answer 6

The relationship between the therapist and client as they work together in treatment

Question 7

Psychodynamic therapies

Answer 7

Focuses treatment on the influence of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences on the development of psychological issues

Question 8

Psychoanalysis

Answer 8

A psychodynamic therapeutic technique for analyzing unconscious thoughts

Question 9

Dream analysis

Answer 9

A psychoanalytic technique that explores the meaning of a client’s dreams

Question 10

Transference

Answer 10

Occurs as a client transfers feelings and ways of interacting with someone in their personal life onto their therapist

Question 11

Humanistic therapies

Answer 11

Focuses on client’s strengths and growth as they move toward their best selves

Question 12

Client-centered therapy

Answer 12

Focuses on showing the client unconditional positive regard while encouraging the client to share their subjective experiences that are causing problems

Question 13

Reflective speech

Answer 13

Used by a therapist to mirror a client’s feelings back to them

Question 14

Behavior therapies

Answer 14

Focuses on modifying maladaptive behaviors using learning principles

Question 15

Systematic desensitization

Answer 15

A behavioral therapy used to help reduce fear responses by teaching coping techniques for anxiety producing situations

Question 16

Cognitive therapies

Answer 16

Focuses on maladaptive thoughts as the main source of psychological problems and work on changing them

Question 17

Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)

Answer 17

Combines cognitive and behavior therapies as it focuses on the interactions between thoughts and behaviors

Question 18

Integrative therapy

Answer 18

Draws from different techniques from all therapies as the situation warrants

Question 19

Anxiety drugs

Answer 19

Used to reduce anxiety by slowing neurotransmitter activity during anxious episodes

Question 20

Antidepressant drugs

Answer 20

Act to regulate mood by acting on neurotransmitters

Question 21

Lithium

Answer 21

An element on the periodic table that is used to treat bipolar disorder

Question 22

Antipsychotic drugs

Answer 22

Are designed to treat severe psychological disorders like schizophrenia by easing agitated behaviors

Question 23

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 23

Therapy that acts directly on the brain to set off a seizure in an effort to treat severe mood and anxiety disorders that have not responded to other forms of treatment

Question 24

Deep brain stimulation

Answer 24

Involves implanting electrodes within the brain itself that emit signals to alter the brain’s electrical circuity

Question 25

Psychosurgery

Answer 25

A surgical removal of brain tissue in effort to improve symptoms

Question 26

Group therapy

Answer 26

Done in sessions with individuals who share a common issue as treatment. Sessions are led by a mental health professional

Question 27

Family therapy

Answer 27

A form of group therapy that is conducted with members of a family

Question 28

Couples therapy

Answer 28

Centers on working with couples on issues within their relationship

Question 29

Cross-cultural competence

Answer 29

Refers to how skilled a therapists thinks they are at managing cultural issues that might arise in therapy and how effective the client thinks it will be

Question 30

Well-being therapy

Answer 30

A short-term, problem-focused form of directive therapy that encourages clients to recognize and accept the good things in their life