Chapter 10 Flashcards
Motivation
The reason we behave, think, and feel the way we do
Instinct
The innate pattern of behavior and motivation that occurs spontaneously
Drive
The motivation based on physiological need
Need
A lack of something that results in the activation of a drive to satisfy the need
Homeostasis
The body’s balancing act of adjusting and adapting to the environment in order to maintain a steady state or balance
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Proposes that performance is best when arousal is moderate rather than too high or too low
Overlearning
Occurs as someone works on something long enough that it can be performed without conscious thought
Set point
The weight someone remains at when they are not trying to gain or loose weight
Anorexia nervosa
An eating disorder diagnosed when an individual has a distorted body image that motivates them to severely restrict food intake and weight gain
Bulimia nervosa
An eating disorder diagnosed when an individual goes through cycles of binge eating and then purging what they ate
Binge eating disorder
Diagnosed when an individual has recurring episodes in which they compulsively eat an abnormally large quantity of food in a short time
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Proposes that different needs are the basis for motivation, with physical survival needs at the base and higher order self-actualization at the top
Self-actualization
The highest point of Maslow’s hierarchy. It is the need to be our best selves and reach our full potential
Self-determination theory
Proposes that all humans have three basic innate needs: competence, relatedness, and autonomy
Intrinsic motivation
Motivation based on internal factors and a belief that you are in control of your desicions
Extrinsic motivation
Motivation based on positive or negative external incentives, like money or getting a bad grade
Self-regulation
The process of consciously controlling behaviors in order to achieve a goal
Emotion
The feeling or affect that can involve physiological reactions, conscious identification, and behavioral responses
Polygraph
Lie detector test that is conducted on a machine that monitors changes in body readings based on changes in emotion
James-Lange theory of emotion
Proposes that emotion is the result of physiological reactions to stimuli in the environment
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
Proposes that the emotional and physiological reactions occur at the same time
Two-factor theory of emotion
Proposes that emotion is determined by the physiological reaction and how we think about it
Facial feedback hypothesis
Proposes that our facial expressions can influence our emotions as well as we reflect them
Display rules
Sociocultural rules for when and how emotion should be properly expressed
Negative affect
Refers to unpleasant emotions like anger and sadness
Positive affect
Refers to pleasant emotions like happiness and interest
Broaden-and-build model of positive emotion
Serves adaptive functions, including broadening the scope of attention and promoting the development of resources
Glucose and insulin play a role in?
Hunger
Lateral hypothalamus
Involved in stimulating eating
Ventromedial hypothalamus
Restricting eating
