Chapter 12 Flashcards
Personality
Our individual pattern of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize how we tend to interpret and adapt to our world
Psychodynamic perspective
The processes that occur in our unconscious that influence our thoughts and behaviors without our conscious awareness
Id
Based on the psychodynamic perspective. It is the pleasure principle that contains the unconscious drive of needs and wants
Ego
Contains limitations for the id
It tries to get the id what it wants within the norms of society. It houses higher mental functions-reasoning, problem solving, and decision making
The superego
It is the moral compass that acts as our conscious
Defense mechanism
Our unconscious ego strategies to distort reality in different ways in order to relieve anxiety
Oedipus complex
Desire of a young boy to replace his father and take all of the affection of his mother
Collective unconscious (Jung)
The impersonal deepest layer of the unconscious that is shared by everyone through common ancestry
Archetypes
Ideas and images in the collective unconscious that have shared meaning for all people
Individual psychology (Alder)
This proposes that perfection is our main human motivater
Humanistic perspectives of personality
Focuses on a person’s personal growth and positive human qualities
Unconditional positive regard
Proposed by humanistic theorist, Rogers. Is the unconditional appearance and value placed on an individual with no conditions
Conditions of worth
The standards set by others when we seek positive regard and approval from them
Trait theories
The consistent thought/response patterns we use as we would interact in the world
Big five factors of personality
There are five broad traits that describe the dimensions of personality that we fall in
Personological and life story persepectives
Focuses on a person’s life history and life story as it relates to their personal development
Social cognitive perspectives
The influence of our conscious thoughts, beliefs, expectations, and goals on our personality
Self-efficacy
Our belief in our ability to accomplish a given goal or activity
Cognitive affecting processing systems (CAPS)
Information processing and emotional experiences interact to determine behavior
Behavioral genetics
Studies how genetic factors influence how we behave and interact with our world
Self-report test
A method of measuring personality characteristics through their answers to questions
Empirically keyed test
A type of self-report that is developed to identify the biggest differences between two target populations or group
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Is the most widely used self-report personality test
Face validity
The extent to which a test item seems to measure what it is supposed to measure
Projective test
A personality assessment that presents individuals with different ambiguous visuals and they are asked to tell a story about them
Rorschach Inkblot
A test that has participants look at and interpret inkblots in order to determine their personality
Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT)
A projective test that uses ambiguous pictures and has participants tell what is happening in the picture in order to learn more about their personality
Type A behavior pattern
A behavior pattern that includes excessive competitiveness and drive, impatience, and hostility. They are at a higher risk of stress-related issues like heart disease
Type B behavior pattern
A behavior pattern that includes being relaxed and easygoing with lower risk of stress-related issues
Type D behavior patter
A behavior patterns that includes general distress, negative emotions, and social inhibition. They are at higher risk of cardiovascular issues
Subjective well-being
Your own assessment of your level of positive affect relative to negative affect in your life
Openess
Imaginative vs Practical
Conscientiousness
Organized vs Disorganized
Extraversion
Sociable vs Retiring
Agreeableness
Softhearted vs Ruthless
