Chapter 15 Flashcards
ABCDE Model
a model for understanding and recording the impact of cognitions on emotions, based on the three-step cognitive model (events lead to thoughts, which lead to feelings)
acceptance
the ability to be mindful of one’s internal experiences
acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
facing one’s internal fears and committing to one’s personal values
cognitive therapy
a well-established and commonly practiced approach that focuses on important mental processes, and tends to be brief, structured, and targeted
activating event
a trigger that can cause irrational beliefs and negative emotions
all-or-nothing thinking
Irrationally evaluating everything as either wonderful or terrible, with no middle ground or “gray area”
automatic thoughts
thoughts that take place in an instant and without any deliberation
Aaron Beck
the father of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and is one of the world’s leading researchers in psychopathology
Judith Beck
daughter of Aaron Beck and leader of the current generation of cognitive therapists
belief
a mental state or disposition that’s often associated with a particular response, such as an action or statement
catastrophizing
Expecting the worst in the future, when, realistically, it’s unlikely to occur
cognitions
thoughts, beliefs, interpretations, assumptions, etc.
common thought distortions
a set of labels to apply to illogical thoughts in order to discredit them
cognitive triad
Beck’s argument that three particular cognitions all contribute to our mental health: thoughts about the self, the world, and the future
dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
the treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder (BPD) and others, particularly those that involve emotional dysregulation
dispute
psychologists expressing differing opinions or arguments against a particular concept or idea.
effective new belief
a rational belief that is created to counter irrational beliefs, or IBs, through disputation
dysfunctional thought record
Beck’s written approach to increase the client’s logical thinking, typically including these headings:
brief description of event/situation
automatic thought
emotions
adaptive response
outcome
Albert Ellis
psychologist most famous for developing rational emotive behavior therapy
hypotheses
a theory subject to experimentation in order to support or refute the belief
experiential avoidance
the act of avoiding particular internal experiences, the fundamental opposite of mindfulness
emotional consequences
mental health symptoms, trauma-related beliefs, and difficulties regulating emotions
homework
the client’s written or behavioral assignment to complete between therapy sessions
Marsha Linehan
Developer of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)
Core practices to DBT are:
magnification/minimization
For negative events, “making a mountain out of a molehill”; for positive events, playing down their importance
mental filtering
Ignoring positive events while focusing excessively on negative events
metacognitive therapy
acts on the idea that the activating event can be a cognition itself, not solely an external occurrence
mind reading
Presuming to know that others are thinking critically or disapprovingly, when knowing what they think is, in fact, impossible
mindfulness
broadly a practice that promotes full engagement with one’s own internal mental processes in a nonconfrontational way
overgeneralization
Applying lessons learned from negative experiences more broadly than is warranted
personalization
Assuming excessive personal responsibility for negative events
rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
Ellis’s approach to therapy, emphasizing a connection between rationality and emotion
3 factors that affect if a client is likely to do their homework:
Client factors (severity of disorder, motivation, etc.)
Therapist factors (accuracy of diagnosis, skill in creating assignments, etc.)
Therapeutic alliance (the quality of the relationship between therapist and client)
