Chapter 13

Question 1

conditions of worth

Answer 1

implicit rules that communicate that people will love you only if you meet certain standards

Question 2

congruence

Answer 2

the term humanists use to describe the match between the real self and the ideal self that is achieved without interference. Mental health is optimized

Question 3

emotionally focused therapy

Answer 3

an evidence-based, short-term humanistic therapy that emphasizes the expression, acknowledgment, and healing power of emotions in the present moment, as well as emotions that may have been “bottled up” for a long time

Question 4

empathy

Answer 4

the ability to sense the client’s emotions, just as the client would, to perceive and understand the events of their life in a compassionate way

Question 5

existential psychotherapy

Answer 5

an approach to therapy originally developed by Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom that centers on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that realization of this fact can overwhelm us with anxiety, the root of all psychopathology

Question 6

genuiness

Answer 6

congruence between the therapist’s real and ideal selves, the opposite of pretending or playing a role

Question 7

Gestalt Therapy

Answer 7

founded by Fritz Perls and emphasizes a holistic approach to enhancing the client’s experience

Question 8

ideal self

Answer 8

the selves we could be if we self-actualized

Question 9

incongruence

Answer 9

the term humanists use to describe the discrepancy between the real and ideal self, the root of psychopathology

Question 10

Abraham Maslow

Answer 10

Abraham Harold Maslow was an American psychologist who created Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization.

Question 11

motivational interviewing

Answer 11

originally developed by William Miller to treat addictive behaviors, an approach to therapy that focuses on addressing clients’ uncertainty about making major changes to their way of life

Question 12

positive psychology

Answer 12

by Martin Seligman, a broad-based approach that emphasizes strengths rather than pathology, and psychotherapy goals of happiness and well-being in addition to alleviating symptoms of disorders
-enhances positive attributes

Question 13

positive regard

Answer 13

the warmth, love, and acceptance of those around us

Question 14

prizing

Answer 14

the experience of receiving positive regard from others

Question 15

real self

Answer 15

the selves we actually are in our daily lives

Question 16

reflection

Answer 16

a process that takes place when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client’s statements in a way that highlights the client’s feelings

Question 17

self-actualization

Answer 17

the humanistic principle that people have an inborn tendency to grow, and they argue that as long the environment fosters it, self-actualization proceeds without interference

Question 17

Carl Rogers

Answer 17

one of the founders of humanistic psychology and was known especially for his person-centered psychotherapy.
-believed therapist must provide only empathy, UPR, and genuiness

Question 18

3 essential therapeutic conditions

Answer 18

-Empathy
-Unconditional positive regard
-Genuiness

Question 19

unconditional positive regard

Answer 19

full acceptance of another person no matter what
-creates a comfortable expressive relationship
-Builds unconditional self-regard.