Chapter 15

Question 1

Wild type

Answer 1

Phenotype most commonly observed in natural populations

Question 2

When does signs of sex begin to emerge in fetus

Answer 2

2 months

Question 3

Sex-linked genes

Answer 3

Gene located on a sex chromosome

Question 4

Where are most sex-linked chromosomes found

Answer 4

X chromosomes

Question 5

X-linked genes

Answer 5

Genes found on X chromosomes

Question 6

Y-linked

Answer 6

Genes found on Y chromosomes

Question 7

Hemizygous

Answer 7

Only have 1 locus for an allele. Applies to male sex chromosomes

Question 8

Barr body

Answer 8

Highly condensed inactivated X chromosome

Question 9

Linked genes

Answer 9

Genes located close enough together on a chromosome that they tend to be inherited together

Question 10

Genetic recombination

Answer 10

Production of offspring with combination of traits that differ from those found in either parent

Question 11

Parental types

Answer 11

An offspring with a phenotype that matches one of the true-breeding phenotypes

Question 12

Recombinant types

Answer 12

Offspring whose phenotype differs from that of the true breeding P generation parents

Question 13

Frequency of recombination of unlinked genes

Answer 13

50%

Question 14

Genetic map

Answer 14

Ordered list of genetic loci along a chromosome

Question 15

Linkage map

Answer 15

A genetic map based on frequencies of recombination between markers during cross over of homologs

Question 16

Map units

Answer 16

Unit of measurement of the distance between genes.

Question 17

Nondisjunction

Answer 17

An error in meiosis or mitosis in which members of a pair of chromosomes fail to separate

Question 18

Aneuploidy

Answer 18

A chromosomal alteration where one or more chromosomes have extra copies or deficient in number

Question 19

Monosomic

Answer 19

Diploid cell that has only one copy of a particular chromosome

Question 20

Trisomic

Answer 20

Diploid cell that has 3 copies of a particular chromosome

Question 21

Polyploidy

Answer 21

Chromosomal alteration where the organism possesses more than one chromosome sets

Question 22

Deletion

Answer 22

Deficiency in a chromosome resulting from loss of a fragment through breakage

Question 23

Duplication

Answer 23

Alteration in chromosome structure due to fusion with fragment from a homolog

Question 24

Inversion

Answer 24

Alteration of chromosome from reattachment of chromosomal fragment in a reverse orientation to the chromosome from the original

Question 25

Translocation

Answer 25

Alteration in chromosome from attachment of a chromosomal fragment to a non homologous chromosome

Question 26

Genomic imprinting

Answer 26

expression of an allele in offspring depends on whether the allele is inherited from male or female parent

Question 27

Result of genomic imprinting

Answer 27

Silencing of allele of a gene

Question 28

When does genomic imprinting occur

Answer 28

Gamete formation (meiosis)

Question 29

Extranuclear genes

Answer 29

Genes found outside the nucleus