Chapter 14 Part 2

Question 1

Ptosis

Answer 1

drooping of the eyelid

Question 2

Diplopia

Answer 2

double vision

Question 3

Lesion of oculumotor nerve

Answer 3

Ptosis (drooping of the eyelid)
Ipsilateral eye looks outward and down
Diplopia (double vision)
Deficits in moving the ipsilateral eye medially, downward, and upward
Loss of pupillary reflex and consensual response to light
Loss of constriction of the pupil in response to focusing on a near object (accommodation)

Question 4

Lesion of trochlear nerve:

Answer 4

prevents activation of the superior oblique muscle;

Question 5

Symptoms of lesion of trochlear nerve:

Answer 5

Symptoms include double vision, difficulty reading, and visual problems when descending stair

Question 6

Lesion of abducens nerve:

Answer 6

cause the eye to look inward; paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle leaves the pull of the medial rectus muscle unopposed

Question 7

Patient presentation of abducens nerve:

Answer 7

unable to voluntarily abduct the eye and have double vision

Question 8

What cranial nerves are involved in autonomic function?

Answer 8

III, VII, IX,X

Question 9

What does complete severance of any branch of the trigeminal nerve result in?

Answer 9

in anesthesia of the area supplied by the ophthalmic, maxillary, or mandibular branch

Question 10

If ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve is affected:

Answer 10

afferent limb of the blink reflex will be interrupted, preventing blinking in response to touch stimulation of the cornea

Question 11

If mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve is affected:

Answer 11

the jaw will deviate toward the involved side when the mouth is opened; the masseter reflex will be lost

Question 12

Lesion of facial nerve:

Answer 12

paralysis or paresis of the ipsilateral muscles of facial expression: one side of the face to droop, unable to completely close the ipsilateral eye

Question 13

Conductive deafness:

Answer 13

occurs when transmission of vibrations is prevented in the outer or middle ear

Question 14

Causes of conductive deafness:

Answer 14

include excessive wax in the outer ear canal or inflammation in middle ear (otitis media)

Question 15

Sensorineural deafness:

Answer 15

due to damage of the receptor cells or the cochlear nerve and is less common than conductive deafness

Question 16

Causes of sensorineural deafness:

Answer 16

acoustic trauma, ototoxic drugs, Ménière’s disease, and acoustic neuroma.

Question 17

Lesion of glossopharyngeal nerve:

Answer 17

interrupts the afferent limb of both the gag reflex and the swallowing reflex.
Salivation is also decreased

Question 18

Lesion of vagus nerve:

Answer 18

results in difficulty speaking and swallowing, poor digestion, asymmetrical elevation of the palate, and hoarseness

Question 19

Complete lesion of accessory nerve:

Answer 19

paralyzes the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 20

Complete lesion of hypoglossal nerve:

Answer 20

causes atrophy of the ipsilateral tongue

Question 21

Dyphagia:

Answer 21

difficulty with swallowing

Question 22

Dysarthria

Answer 22

poor control of the speech muscles