Chapter 14 Flashcards
stress is a demanding or threatening event/situation (e.g. high-stress job)
stimulus based definitions
emphasize physiological responses that occur in response to demanding or threatening situations
response-based definitions
a process whereby an individual perceives and responds to events he/she appraises as overwhelming or threatening to his/her well-being
stress
judgement about the degree of potential harm/threat to well-being that a stressor might entail
primary appraisal
stressor that could lead to harm/loss/negative consequences
threat
stressor that carries the potential for gain/personal growth
challenge
judgement of the options available to cope with a stressor, and perceptions of how effective such options will be
secondary appraisal
stress that can be positive and motivate us to do things in our best interests
eustress
“bad” stress, causing people to feel burned out, (fatigued and exhausted), and performance to decline
distress
accelerated heart rate, headaches, or gastrointestinal problems
physiological
difficulty concentrating or making decisions
cognitive
drinking, alcohol, smoking taking actions directed at eliminating the cause of stress
behavioral
the body’s immediate reaction upon facing a threatening situation or emergency
alarm reaction
the body has adapted (readjusted) to the stressor but remains alert and stable prepared to respond (with less intensity)
stage of resistance
person can no longer adapt to the stressor (depletion of physical resources). physical wear takes its toll on the body’s tissues and organs
stage of exhaustion
events that persist over an extended period of time (e.g., long term unemployment)
chronic stressors
brief events that sometimes continue to be experienced as overwhelming well after the even has ended (e.g., falling and breaking a leg)
acute stressors
minor irritations and annoyances that are part of our every day lives
daily hassles
work situation that combines excessive job demands and workload with little discretion in decision making or job control
job strain
a general sense of emotional exhaustion and cynicism in relation to one’s job
job burnout
