Chapter 14

Question 1

In public speaking, the central claims that support the specific speech purpose and thesis statement.

Answer 1

Main Points

Question 2

In public speaking, points that provide support for the main points

Answer 2

subpoints

Question 3

A pattern of speech arrangement that presents the main points of a message forward (or backward) in a systematic, time-related fashion.

Answer 3

chronological pattern

Question 4

A pattern of speech arrangement that is based on organization into categories, such as persons, places, things, or processes

Answer 4

topical pattern

Question 5

In public speaking, the tendency for audiences to remember points the speaker raises at the very beginning, or at the very end, of a message.

Answer 5

primary-recency effect

Question 6

A pattern of speech arrangement that arranges main points in terms of their physical proximity or position in relation to each other (north to south, east to west, bottom to top, left to right, outside to inside, and so on).

Answer 6

spacial pattern

Question 7

A pattern of speech arrangement that involves dramatizing an obstacle and then narrowing alternative remedies down to the one the speaker wants to recommend.

Answer 7

Problem solution pattern

Question 8

A pattern of speech arrangement that organizes the message around cause-to-effect or effect-to-cause relationships.

Answer 8

Cause-effect pattern

Question 9

A pattern of speech arrangement that ties points together in a way that presents a vivid story, complete with characters, settings, plot, and imagery.

Answer 9

Narrative pattern

Question 10

A pattern of speech arrangement that entails five phases based on the psychological elements of advertising: attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action.

Answer 10

Motivated sequence pattern

Question 11

Sentences that connect different points, thoughts, and details in a way that allows them to flow naturally from one to the next.

Answer 11

Transitions

Question 12

Key words or phrases within sentences that signify transitions between main points.

Answer 12

sign post

Question 13

In public speaking, an extended transition that primes the audience for the content immediately ahead.

Answer 13

internal previews

Question 14

An extended transition that allows the speaker to crystallize the points made in one section of a speech before moving to the next section

Answer 14

internal summaries

Question 15

5 effective speech strategies

Answer 15

1. Use language that works
2. Respect your audience
3. Keep it simple
4. Use vivid language
5. Incorporate repetition, allusion, and comparisons

Question 16

Five techniques to getting your audiences attention

Answer 16

Use surprise 
Tell a story
start with a quote 
ask a question
make them laugh