Chapter 10 Flashcards
A collection of more than two people who share some kind of relationship, communicate in an interdependent fashion, and collaborate toward some shared purpose
Group
Three key characteristics of groups
Shared identity
Common goals
Interdependent relationships
Members of a group perceive themselves as a group
shared identity
Members of a group identify with one another because they have one or more goals in common
Common goals
Members are connected to one another and communicate in an interdependent way
Interdependent relationships
A long-lasting group that forms around the relationships that mean the most to its members.
Primary Groups
A set of individuals who come together to address personal problems while benefiting from the support of others with similar issues
support groups
A group in which membership offers opportunities to form relationships with others.
Social groups
A group with a specific mission
problem-solving group
A group that works together to carry out a project or specific endeavor or to compete against other teams.
team
5 stages of group development
forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning
The stage of group development in which group members try to negotiate who will be in charge and what the group’s goals will be
Forming
The stage of group development in which members inevitably begin experiencing conflicts over issues such as who will lead the group and what roles members will play
Storming
The stage of group development in which members establish agreed-upon norms that govern expected behavior
Norming
Recurring patterns of behavior or thinking that come to be accepted in a group as the “usual” way of doing things.
Norms
The stage of group development in which members combine their skills and knowledge to work toward the group’s goals and overcome hurdles
Performing
The stage of group development in which members reflect on their accomplishments and failures as well as determine whether the group will disassemble or take on another project.
Adjourning
A final get-together to celebrate a group’s achievements
Termination ritual
A stage of group development in which groups experience a period of inertia or inactivity until they become aware of time, pressure, and looming deadlines, which then compel group members to take action.
Punctuated Equilibrium Model
Five things that happen as groups become larger
- Interaction becomes more formal
- Members have limited opportunities to contribute
- Communication becomes less intimate
- The interaction consumes more time
- Relationships become more complex
A small subgroup of individuals who have bonded together within a group; also called coalitions .
Cliques
Subgroups that are positioned against other subgroups.
Countercoalitions
The exclusion of a particular group member (or members)
Social Ostracism
Failure to invest the same level of effort in the group that people would put in if they were working alone or with one other person
Social loafing
Four methods to manage social loafing
- Establish objectives and performance goals
- Establish individual accountability
- Encourage team identity and owndership
- stay in contact
A pattern of interaction that governs who speaks with whom in a group and about what.
Networks
A network in which information is passed from one member to the next rather than shared among members
Chain Network
A network in which all members are an equal distance from one another and all members interact with each other
All-channel network
A network in which all group members share their information with one central individual, who then shares the information with the rest of the group.
Wheel Network
Roles that are concerned with the accomplishment of the group’s goals.
Task Roles
Group roles that evolve to reflect individual members’ personality traits and interests.
Social Roles
Roles that create problems because they serve individual members’ priorities at the expense of overall group needs.
Antigroup roles
A situation that arises in a group whenever expectations for members’ behavior are incompatible.
Role Conflict
The degree to which group members have bonded, like each other, and consider themselves to be one entity.
Cohesion
Fear or anxiety associated with communication, which is often a common barrier to effective delivery.
Communication Apprehension
