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Fundamentals OTH 201 > Chapter 13: Special Senses > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

cataract

A

opacity of the lens of the eye, usually occurring as a result of aging, train, metabolic disease, or the adverse effect of certain medications or chemicals

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2
Q

cornea transplantation

A

procedure in which a damaged cornea is replaced by the cornea from they eye of a human cadaver; aka keratoplasty

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3
Q

glaucoma

A

eye disease in which increased eyeball pressure causes of gradual loss of sight

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4
Q

ocular

A

pertaining to the eye or sense of sight

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5
Q

radial keratotomy

A

surgery to correct myopia, or nearsightedness, by changing the shape of the cornea (transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil)

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6
Q

sleep apnea

A

condition in which breathing stops for more than 10 seconds during sleep

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7
Q

choroid/o

A

choroid

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8
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

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9
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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10
Q

cor/o
core/o
pupill/o

A

pupil

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11
Q

dacry/o

lacrim/o

A

tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

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12
Q

dipl/o

A

double

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13
Q

irid/o

A

double

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14
Q

kerat/o

A

horny tissue; hard; cornea

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15
Q

ocul/o

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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16
Q

opt/o

A

eye, vision

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17
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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18
Q

acous/o
audi/o
audit/o

A

hearing

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19
Q

myring/o

tympan/o

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

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20
Q

ot/o

A

ear

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21
Q

salping/o

A

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

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22
Q
  • acusis

- cusis

A

hearing

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23
Q
  • opia

- opsia

A

vision

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24
Q

-ptosis

A

prolapse, downward displacement

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25
Q

exo-

A

outside, outward

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26
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above normal

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27
Q

achromatopsia

A

congenital deficiency in color perception that is more in men; aka color blindness

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28
Q

astigmatism

A

refractive disorder in which excessive curvature of the cornea or lens causes light to be scattered over the retina, rather than focused on a single point, resulting in a distorted image

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29
Q

cataract

A

degenerative disease that is due mainly to the aging process in which the lens of they eye becomes progressively cloudy, causing decreased vision, and that is treated with cataract surgery

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30
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy, irritation, or a foreign body; aka pinkeye

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31
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

retinal damage in diabetic patients marked by aneurysmal dilation and bleeding fof blood vessels or the formation of new blood vessels causing visual changes

32
Q

hordeolum

A

small, purulent, inflammation infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; sty

33
Q

macular degeneration

A

deterioration of the macula, resulting in loss of central vision; common cause of visual impairment in persons older than age 50

34
Q

retinal detachment

A

separation of the retina from the choroid, which disrupts vision and results in blindness if not repaired

35
Q

photophobia

A

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light that occurs in disorders such as meningitis, eye inflammation, measles, and rubella

36
Q

strabismus

A

muscular eye disorder in which the eyes turn from the eyes turn from the normal position so that they deviate in different directions

37
Q

esotropia

A

Strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye toward that of the other eye, resulting in diplopia; aka cross-eye or convergent strabismus

38
Q

exotropia

A

strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye away from that of the other, resulting in diplopia; aka wall-eye or divergent strabismus

39
Q

hearing loss

A

loss of sense or perception of sound

40
Q

anacusis

A

total deafness (complete hearing loss)

41
Q

conductive

A

results from any condition that prevents sound waves from being transmitted to the auditory receptors

42
Q

presbycusis

A

hearing loss that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow older

43
Q

sensorineural

A

inability of nerve stimuli to be delivered to the brain from the inner ear as a result of damage to the auditory (acoustic) nerve or cochlea; aka nerve deafness

44
Q

Méniére disease

A

rare disorder characterized by progressive deafness, vertigo, and tinnitus, possibly secondary to swelling of membranous structures within the labyrinth

45
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear, which is commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection (URI) and may be treated with tympanostomy tube insertion

46
Q

otosclerosis

A

progressive deafness secondary to ossification in the bony labyrinth of the inner ear

47
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing or tinkling noise heard constantly or intermittently in one or both ears, even in quiet environment, that usually results from damage to inner ear structures associated with hearing

48
Q

vertigo

A

sensation of moving around in space or a feeling of spinning or dizziness that usually results from inner ear structure damage associated with balance and equilibrium

49
Q

tonometry

A

test to measure pressure inside the eyes (intraocular pressure); used to screen for glaucoma

50
Q

visual acuity test

A

standard eye examination to determine the smallest letters a person can read on a Snellen chart, or E chart, at a distance of 20 feet

51
Q

audiometry

A

test to measures hearing acuity at various sound frequencies

52
Q

otoscopy

A

visual examination the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

53
Q

tuning fork test

A

hearing tests that use a tuning fork (instrument that produces a constant pitch when struck) that is struck and then placed against or near the bones on the side of the head to assess nerve and bone conduction of sound

54
Q

Rinne

A

evaluates bone conduction of sound in one ear at a time

55
Q

Weber

A

evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

56
Q

cataract surgery

A

excision of a lens affected by a cataract

57
Q

phacoemulsificiation

A

excision of the lens by ultrasonic vibrations that break the lens into tiny particles, which are suctioned out of the eye; small incision cataract surgery

58
Q

iridectomy

A

excision of a portion of the iris used to relieve intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma

59
Q

lasar iridotomy

A

laser surgery that creates an opening on the rim of the iris to allow aqueous humor to flow between the anterior and posterior chambers to relieve intraocular pressure that occurs as a result of glaucoma; is replacing iridectomy because it is a safer procedure

60
Q

laser photocoagulation

A

use of a laser beam to seal leaking or hemorrhaging retinal blood vessels to treat diabetic retinopathy

61
Q

cochlear implant

A

electronic transmitter surgically implanted into the cochlear of a deaf person to restore hearing

62
Q

ear irrigation

A

process of flushing the external ear canal with sterile water or sterile saline solution to treat blockages of a foreign body or cerumen (ear wax) impaction

63
Q

myringoplasty

A

surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft to correct hearing loss; aka tympanoplasty

64
Q

myringotomy

A

incision of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to relieve pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear or to insert tympanostomy tubes in the eardrum via surgery

65
Q

antiglaucoma agents

A

reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the amount of aqueous humor in the eyeball either by reducing its production or by increasing its outflow

66
Q

miotics

A

cause the pupil to constrict

67
Q

mydriatrics

A

cause the pupil to dilate and prepare the eye for an internal examination

68
Q

vertigo and motion

A

decrease sensitivity of the inner ear to motion and prevent nerve impulses from the inner ear from reaching the vomiting center of the brain

69
Q

wax emulsifiers

A

loosen and help remove impacted cerumen

70
Q

ARMD

A

age-related macular degeneration

71
Q

Ast

A

astigmatism

72
Q

ENT

A

ear, nose, and throat

73
Q

IOP

A

intraocular pressure

74
Q

Myop

A

myopia

75
Q

OM

A

otitis media

76
Q

SICS

A

small incision cataract surgery

77
Q

ST

A

esotropia

Fundamentals OTH 201 (13 decks)

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