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Fundamentals OTH 201 > Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems > Flashcards

Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems Flashcards

1
Q

antigen

A

substance that, when entering the body, prompts the generation of antibodies, causing an immune response

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2
Q

autoimmune

A

type of immune response by the body against its own cells or tissues

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3
Q

capillaries

A

microscopic blood vessels that connect the ends of the smallest arteries (arterioles) with the smallest veins (venules) of the circulatory system

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4
Q

hematopoiesis

A

production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow, aka hemopoiesis

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5
Q

immune response

A

defense function of the body that protects it against invading pathogens, foreign tissues, and malignancies

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6
Q

immunodeficiency

A

decreased or compromised ability to fight disease or a condition resulting from a defective immune mechanism

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7
Q

interstitial fluid

A

fluid between cells and in tissue spaces

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8
Q

lymphocyte

A

type of white blood cell (WBC) found in the lymph nodes, spleen, bloodstream, and lymph that functions in the body’s immune system by recognizing and deactivating foreign substances (antigens)

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9
Q

monocytes

A

Large WBCs formed in the bone marrow that circulate in the bloodstream and destroy pathogenic bacteria through phagocytosis

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10
Q

oncology

A

branch of medicine concerned with the study of cancerous growths (malignancies)

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11
Q

pathogens

A

any microorganism capable of producing disease

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12
Q

transfusion

A

collection of blood or blood component from a donor followed by its infusion into a recipient

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13
Q

agglutin/o

A

clumping, gluing

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14
Q

embol/o

A

embolus (plug)

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15
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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16
Q

hem/o and hemat/o

A

blood

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17
Q

leuk/o

A

cell

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18
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow; spinal cord

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19
Q

thromb/o

A

blood clot

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20
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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21
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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22
Q

immun/o

A

immune, immunity, safe

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23
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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24
Q

lymphaden/o

A

lymph gland

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25
lymphangi/o
lymph vessel
26
phag/o
swallowing, eating
27
splen/o
spleen
28
thym/o
thymus gland
29
-emia
blood condition
30
-phage
swallowing, eating
31
-phylaxis
protection
32
poiesis
formation, production
33
-stasis
standing still
34
macro-
large
35
micro-
small
36
mono-
one
37
anemia
blood disorder characterized by a deficiency of red blood cell production and hemoglobin, increased red blood cell destruction, or blood loss
38
aplastic
failure of bone marrow to produce stem cells because it has been damaged by disease, cancer, radiation, chemotherapy drugs; rare but serious form of anemia
39
pernicious
deficiency of erythrocytes resulting from inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body, which plays a vital role in hematopoiesis
40
thalassemia
group of hereditary anemias caused by an inability to produce hemoglobin; usually seen in people of Mediterranean origin
41
hemophilia
group of hereditary bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of the factors necessary for coagulation of blood
42
leukemia
malignant disease of bone marrow characterized by excessive production of leukocytes
43
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
transmissible infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and associated with suppression of the immune system; characterized by increasing susceptibility to infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases
44
Hodgkin lymphoma
Malignant disease originating in the lymphocytes (part of the body's immune system) that occurs most often in young adults and characterized by the presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells (malignant cells) in the lymph nodes
45
immunodeficiency
any group of diseases caused by a defect in the immune system and generally characterized by susceptibility to infections and chronic diseases
46
Kaposi sarcoma
Malignancy of connective tissue, including bone, fat, muscle, and fibrous tissue, that is commonly fatal (because the tumors readily metastasize to various organs) and closely associated with AIDS
47
Lymphadenitis
Inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually result of infection
48
Lymphedema
deliberating condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system that prevents lymph fluid in the upper limbs from draining adequately
49
mononucleosis
acute infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and characterized by a sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes
50
multiple myeloma
malignant disease of bone marrow plasma cells (antibody-producing B lymphocytes)
51
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
a group of more than 20 different types of lymphomas (except Hodgkin lymphoma) that occur in older adults but are not characterized by Reed-Sternmerg cells (malignant cells)
52
opportunistic infection
any infection that results from a defective immune system that cannot defend against pathogens normally found in the environment
53
stroke
sudden loss of neurological function, caused by vascular injury (loss of blood flow) to an area of the brain, aka CVA
54
bone marrow aspiration
removal of small amount of tissue (bone marrow biopsy) to diagnose blood disorders, cancers, or infectious diseases or to gather cells for later infusion into a patient (bone marrow transplantation)
55
Complete blood count
series of blood tests to determine general health status as screening for infection, anemias, and other diseases, aka CBC
56
ELISA
Test to screen blood for presence of HIV antibodies or for other disease-causing substances
57
Lymphangiography
radiographic examination of lymph glands and lymphatic vessels after an injection of a contrast medium to view the path of lymph flow as it moves into the chest region
58
Tissue typing
technique used to determine the histocompatibility of tissues; used in grafts and transplants with the recipient's tissues and cells; also known as histocompatibility testing
59
Western blot
test to detect presence of viral DNA in the blood and used to confirm the diagnosis of AIDS as we as detecting other viruses
60
blood transfusion
administration of whole blood or a component, such as packed red cells, to replace blood lost through trauma, surgery, or disease
61
bone marrow transplant
diseased bone marrow is destroyed by irradiation and chemotherapy and replaced from a healthy donor to simulate production of normal blood cells; used to treat aplastic anemia, leukemia, and certain cancers
62
lumphangiectomy
removal of a lymph vessel
63
anticoagulants
prevent or delate blood coagulation
64
immunization
vaccination or injection of immune globulins to induce immunity to a particular infectious disease
65
immunosuppressants
suppress the immune response to prevent organ rejection after transplantation or slow the profession of autoimmune disease
66
thrombolytics
dissolve a blood clots
67
vaccination
introduction of altered antigens (viruses or bacteria) into the body to produce an immune response and protect against disease
68
A, B, AB, O
blood types in ABO blood group
69
AIDS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
70
CA
cancer
71
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
72
CBC
complete blood clot
73
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
74
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
75
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
76
KS
Kaposi sarcoma
77
PCP
Pneumocytis pneumonia; primary care physician; phencylidine (hallucinogen)
78
RBC, rbc
red blood cell
79
SLE
Systematic lupus erythematosus
80
WBC, wbc
white blood cell
81
WNL
within normal limits

Fundamentals OTH 201 (13 decks)

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