Chapter 13, 40 & 41 Flashcards
5 physical care problems w/elderly population
- impaired mobility
- alteration in elimination
- alteration in nutrition
- sensory deficits
- polypharmacy
name some cardiovascular changes in the elderly
- decreased total body water
- increased stiffness of heart muscle
- slower diastolic filling
- moderate increase in BP
name some respiratory changes in the elderly
- weaker pulmonary muscles
- increased stiffness of chest wall
neurologic & special senses changes in the elder
- fewer and smaller neurons
- lens thickens, becomes yellow and less elastic
- decreased ability to hear high frequency sounds
- decreased taste and smell receptors
isometric exercises
applying pressure against resistance
difficulty swallowing
dysphagia
the ability to focus on near and far objects
visual accommodation
presbyopia
age related decreased ability to focus on near objects
glaucoma
the accumulation of fluids inside the eye that exert pressure on the optic nerve, causing blindness
clouding of the lens
cataracts
AMD
- age related macular degeneration
- gradually lose acute, central and color vision
define old age w/markers
- biological age
- psychological age
- social age
name the biological theories of aging
- biologic clock theory
- free radical theory
- wear and tear theory
- immune system failure theory
- autoimmune theory
the body no longer recognizes itself and begins to attack itself and break down
autoimmune theory
the system loses its ability to protect the body from disease
immune system failure theory
wear and tear theory
the body cells and organs eventually wear out
cells are damaged by toxins, ions break off from ion pairs
free radical theory
biologic clock theory
the body cells are programmed to function for a specific length of time after which they bread down and die
name the psychosocial theories
- disengagement theory
- activity theory
- continuity theory
suggests that it is normal for older people and society to withdraw form each other
disengagement theory
states that people who remain interested and active will continue to enjoy life and live longer
activity theory
continuity theory
each individual continues to live and develop as the unique person they are
length of life
longevity
theories based on cellular function and body physiology
biologic theories
