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NRS 108 > Chapter 13, 40 & 41 > Flashcards

Chapter 13, 40 & 41 Flashcards

1
Q

5 physical care problems w/elderly population

A
  • impaired mobility
  • alteration in elimination
  • alteration in nutrition
  • sensory deficits
  • polypharmacy
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2
Q

name some cardiovascular changes in the elderly

A
  • decreased total body water
  • increased stiffness of heart muscle
  • slower diastolic filling
  • moderate increase in BP
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3
Q

name some respiratory changes in the elderly

A
  • weaker pulmonary muscles

- increased stiffness of chest wall

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4
Q

neurologic & special senses changes in the elder

A
  • fewer and smaller neurons
  • lens thickens, becomes yellow and less elastic
  • decreased ability to hear high frequency sounds
  • decreased taste and smell receptors
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5
Q

isometric exercises

A

applying pressure against resistance

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6
Q

difficulty swallowing

A

dysphagia

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7
Q

the ability to focus on near and far objects

A

visual accommodation

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8
Q

presbyopia

A

age related decreased ability to focus on near objects

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9
Q

glaucoma

A

the accumulation of fluids inside the eye that exert pressure on the optic nerve, causing blindness

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10
Q

clouding of the lens

A

cataracts

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11
Q

AMD

A
  • age related macular degeneration

- gradually lose acute, central and color vision

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12
Q

define old age w/markers

A
  • biological age
  • psychological age
  • social age
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13
Q

name the biological theories of aging

A
  • biologic clock theory
  • free radical theory
  • wear and tear theory
  • immune system failure theory
  • autoimmune theory
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14
Q

the body no longer recognizes itself and begins to attack itself and break down

A

autoimmune theory

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15
Q

the system loses its ability to protect the body from disease

A

immune system failure theory

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16
Q

wear and tear theory

A

the body cells and organs eventually wear out

17
Q

cells are damaged by toxins, ions break off from ion pairs

A

free radical theory

18
Q

biologic clock theory

A

the body cells are programmed to function for a specific length of time after which they bread down and die

19
Q

name the psychosocial theories

A
  • disengagement theory
  • activity theory
  • continuity theory
20
Q

suggests that it is normal for older people and society to withdraw form each other

A

disengagement theory

21
Q

states that people who remain interested and active will continue to enjoy life and live longer

A

activity theory

22
Q

continuity theory

A

each individual continues to live and develop as the unique person they are

23
Q

length of life

A

longevity

24
Q

theories based on cellular function and body physiology

A

biologic theories

25
Q

an acute confusional state that can occur suddenly or over a long period as a result of underlying biologic cause or psychological stressor

A

delirium

26
Q

symptoms of confusion or agitation in the late afternoon or early evening hours

A

nocturnal delirium or sundowning

27
Q

permanent condition characterized by several cognitive deficits

A

dementia

28
Q

sadness, despair, or discouragement

A

depression

29
Q

3 main categories of medications used for depression

A
  • tricyclic antidepressants
  • monoamine oxidase inhibitors(MAOIs)
  • selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)
30
Q

unusually low blood pressure when standing

A

postural hypotension

31
Q

causes gradual loss of acute, central, and color vision

A

age related macular degeneration

32
Q

excess fluid in the eye that exerts pressure on the optic nerve

A

glaucoma

33
Q

clouding of the lens of the eye

A

cataracts

34
Q

inability to hear high pitched sounds

A

presbycusis

35
Q

noise of ringing or buzzing in the ears

A

tinnitus

36
Q

age related decreased ability to focus on near objects

A

presbyopia

NRS 108 (24 decks)

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