Chapter 13

Question 1

Nature of Development

Answer 1

Human development is not a linear process, and many
factors influence each person’s journey.

Question 2

Internal Factors

Answer 2

 Personal Factors
* motivation, interests, experience, and abilities

Question 3

External Factors

Answer 3

 Cultural expectations
 Environment
 Resources
 Societal attitudes

Question 4

Developmental Tasks of Infancy

Answer 4

birth through 1 year.
 infants grow rapidly and
achieve motor, social, and cognitive.
 Gross motor and fine
motor

Question 5

Developmental frame of reference

Answer 5

 Postulates that practice in a skill set enhances brain development and
helps the child progress through the stages.

Question 6

Family-centered care

Answer 6

 Collaboration
 OT intervention with infants frequently targets play, behavior regulation,
feeding, motor skill development, and sensory regulation.
 educate

Question 7

Childhood

Answer 7

(1–6 years) and later childhood or school-aged children (6–
12 years).
 Play

Question 8

Developmental Tasks of Childhood

Answer 8

refine motor coordination and
develop strength and endurance for activities.
 Play is the occupation of childhood, and the way
children learn and practice social, cognitive, and
motor abilities.
 Social participation

Question 9

Intervention for childhood

Answer 9

 Play as a means
 Play as the goal
 Least restrictive environment
 Inclusive

Question 10

Adolescence

Answer 10

(12 – 20 years)
-develop sense of self

Question 11

Developmental Tasks of
Adolescence

Answer 11

 Physically, adolescents are growing and becoming stronger
Children going through puberty may be physically self-
conscious

Question 12

Intervention

Answer 12

be fun to engage with yet firm about expectations and
consequences

Question 13

Young Middle Adulthood

Answer 13

time of achievement, a time when the adult makes
employment decisions.
 young (20–40 years)
 middle (40–65 years)

Question 14

Intervention for adult

Answer 14

-to help individuals engage or reengage in occupations that they find meaningful.
 OT intervention may also focus on psychological
functioning

Question 15

Later Adulthood

Answer 15

-time of reflection and
evaluation of one’s life.
 Many physical changes occur

Question 16

Developmental Tasks of Later
Adulthood

Answer 16

-struggle with physical decline,
although this does not have to mean a loss of independence

Question 17

Intervention for later adult

Answer 17

-safety issues
-recommend technology