Chapter 12 Special Senses Flashcards
Up to slide 14
What are the 3 compartments of the cochlea
Scala Vestibulli, Scala Tympani, Cochlear Duct
What is the function of senses ?
To maintain homeostasis by collecting information from outside and internally
Olfactory nerves–> olfactory bulbs—> olfactory tracts—> limbic system(emotions) & olfactory cortex
This is a _________
Olfactory Pathway
Taste ____ are modified epithelial cells that function as receptors
CELLS
Taste _____ are microvilli that protrude from taste cells through pores of taste buds.
HAIRS
+ are most sensitive parts of taste cells
Taste buds are what? And where are they found in
They are the ORGANS of taste and found in
-lining of cheeks
-roof of mouth
-walls of pharynx
What is the ears function?
Hearing & Equilibrium (balance)
What is an ossicle?
Bone
_____ is stimulated by carbohydrates
Sweet Receptors
_____ is stimulated by organic compounds, Mg and Ca salts
Bitter Receptors
_____ is stimulated by some amino acids. MSG
Umami taste receptors
What cranial nerves help taste receptor cells travel to the brain
Facial Nerve (VII)
-Glossopharyngeal Nerve(IX)
-Vagus Nerve (X)
What is the tympanic cavity?
Air-filled space in temporal bone
What is the Auditory (Eustachian) tube? And what is its function?
Connects the middle ear to throat
aka a gap from throat to ear
What fluid is Membranous labyrinth filled with?
ENDOlymph
What is the Membranous Labyrinth in between with?
Perilymph fluid and endolymph fluid
What fluid is Osseous(bony) labyrinth filled with?
PERilymph
Semicircular Canals function in _______ equilibrium
a. dynamic b. static
DYNAMIC
aka movement/moving
Vestibule functions in ______ equilibrium
a. dynamic b. static
static
Aka standing still
Intercommunicating chambers and tubes called ________
Labyrinth
Name the THREE cochlear MEMBRANES and their locations
> Vestibular membrane
-Separates scala vestibuli from cochlear duct
Basilar Membrane
- Separates Cochlear Duct from Scala Tympani
And forms floor of cochlear duct
Tectorial Membrane
-Extends partially into cochleae duct
And makes the roof of the spiral organ aka hearing receptor organ
The Vestibule consists of two expanded chambers what are they?
Utricle and Saccule
Define Uricle
Chamber in the Inner ear associated with static equilibrium
Define Saccule
Saclike cavity that makes up part of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear
_______ __________ passes like a roof over the hair cell stereovilli
Tectorial Membrane
The auricle and saccule each has a small patch of hair cells and supporting cells called…?
Macula
Where can static equilibrium be found in?
Vestibule of inner ear
Where can dynamic equilibrium be found?
Semicircular canals
Receptors for Dynamic Equilibrium are found in ___ semicircular canals
3
What is the function of the vestibule?
Equilibrium
Describe how sound waves travel into the ear
vibrations will vibrate the bones to the fluid within the cochlea which moves the hair cells within the cochlea, which sends hearing signals to the brain to be interpreted.
What is lysozyme?
Anti-Bacterial Enzyme of tears
what is canaliculi
Ducts that collects tears
Crista Ampularis is part of _______ equilibrium
Sensory organ for
Dynamic
Six Extrinsic Eye Muscles
What are the 4 Rectus Muscles?
S I M L
Superior rectus
-rotates eye up
Inferior rectus
-rotates eye down
Medial rectus
-rotates eye medially
Lateral rectus
-rotates eye laterally
Lacrimal Secretions contain
Mucus
Antibodies
Lysozyme
Extrinsic Eye Muscles
What are the 2 Oblique muscles?
S I
Superior oblique
-rotates eye DOWN & laterally
Inferior oblique
-rotates eye UP & laterally
What are rods responsible for?
Vision int low light levels
What are cones responsible for ?
Color vision
Controls amounts if light coming in
What AM I?
Iris
Window or opening in center of iris
What AM I ?
Pupil
