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Bio Exam 2 > Chapter 12 Special Senses > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Special Senses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 3 compartments of the cochlea

A

Scala Vestibulli, Scala Tympani, Cochlear Duct

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2
Q

What is the function of senses ?

A

To maintain homeostasis by collecting information from outside and internally

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3
Q

Olfactory nerves–> olfactory bulbs—> olfactory tracts—> limbic system(emotions) & olfactory cortex
This is a _________

A

Olfactory Pathway

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4
Q

Taste ____ are modified epithelial cells that function as receptors

A

CELLS

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5
Q

Taste _____ are microvilli that protrude from taste cells through pores of taste buds.

A

HAIRS
+ are most sensitive parts of taste cells

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6
Q

Taste buds are what? And where are they found in

A

They are the ORGANS of taste and found in
-lining of cheeks
-roof of mouth
-walls of pharynx

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7
Q

What is the ears function?

A

Hearing & Equilibrium (balance)

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8
Q

What is an ossicle?

A

Bone

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9
Q

_____ is stimulated by carbohydrates

A

Sweet Receptors

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10
Q

_____ is stimulated by organic compounds, Mg and Ca salts

A

Bitter Receptors

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11
Q

_____ is stimulated by some amino acids. MSG

A

Umami taste receptors

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12
Q

What cranial nerves help taste receptor cells travel to the brain

A

Facial Nerve (VII)
-Glossopharyngeal Nerve(IX)
-Vagus Nerve (X)

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13
Q

What is the tympanic cavity?

A

Air-filled space in temporal bone

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14
Q

What is the Auditory (Eustachian) tube? And what is its function?

A

Connects the middle ear to throat
aka a gap from throat to ear

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15
Q

What fluid is Membranous labyrinth filled with?

A

ENDOlymph

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16
Q

What is the Membranous Labyrinth in between with?

A

Perilymph fluid and endolymph fluid

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16
Q

What fluid is Osseous(bony) labyrinth filled with?

A

PERilymph

17
Q

Semicircular Canals function in _______ equilibrium
a. dynamic b. static

A

DYNAMIC
aka movement/moving

18
Q

Vestibule functions in ______ equilibrium
a. dynamic b. static

A

static
Aka standing still

19
Q

Intercommunicating chambers and tubes called ________

A

Labyrinth

20
Q

Name the THREE cochlear MEMBRANES and their locations

A

> Vestibular membrane
-Separates scala vestibuli from cochlear duct
Basilar Membrane
- Separates Cochlear Duct from Scala Tympani
And forms floor of cochlear duct
Tectorial Membrane
-Extends partially into cochleae duct
And makes the roof of the spiral organ aka hearing receptor organ

21
Q

The Vestibule consists of two expanded chambers what are they?

A

Utricle and Saccule

22
Q

Define Uricle

A

Chamber in the Inner ear associated with static equilibrium

23
Q

Define Saccule

A

Saclike cavity that makes up part of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear

24
Q

_______ __________ passes like a roof over the hair cell stereovilli

A

Tectorial Membrane

25
Q

The auricle and saccule each has a small patch of hair cells and supporting cells called…?

A

Macula

26
Q

Where can static equilibrium be found in?

A

Vestibule of inner ear

27
Q

Where can dynamic equilibrium be found?

A

Semicircular canals

28
Q

Receptors for Dynamic Equilibrium are found in ___ semicircular canals

A

3

29
Q

What is the function of the vestibule?

A

Equilibrium

30
Q

Describe how sound waves travel into the ear

A

vibrations will vibrate the bones to the fluid within the cochlea which moves the hair cells within the cochlea, which sends hearing signals to the brain to be interpreted.

31
Q

What is lysozyme?

A

Anti-Bacterial Enzyme of tears

32
Q

what is canaliculi

A

Ducts that collects tears

32
Q

Crista Ampularis is part of _______ equilibrium

A

Sensory organ for
Dynamic

33
Q

Six Extrinsic Eye Muscles
What are the 4 Rectus Muscles?

A

S I M L
Superior rectus
-rotates eye up
Inferior rectus
-rotates eye down
Medial rectus
-rotates eye medially
Lateral rectus
-rotates eye laterally

34
Q

Lacrimal Secretions contain

A

Mucus
Antibodies
Lysozyme

35
Q

Extrinsic Eye Muscles
What are the 2 Oblique muscles?

A

S I
Superior oblique
-rotates eye DOWN & laterally
Inferior oblique
-rotates eye UP & laterally

36
Q

What are rods responsible for?

A

Vision int low light levels

37
Q

What are cones responsible for ?

A

Color vision

38
Q

Controls amounts if light coming in
What AM I?

A

Iris

39
Q

Window or opening in center of iris
What AM I ?

A

Pupil

Bio Exam 2 (13 decks)

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