Ch6, 7, 8 Flashcards
1.Flexion def
2.extension def
1.Bending, decreasing angle
2. increasing angle
Bones that forms membrane like layers of connective tissue
IntraMEMBRANOUS Bones
Bursae
Fluid filled sacs
Synchodrosis is what
SYNarthrotic
Hyaline Cartilage
ex: manubrium + 1st rib
Symphysis is what
AMPhiarthrotic
Fibrocartilage
Ex: Pubic bone and labor
Syndesmoses is what
Slight movement=Ampharthrotic
What type of rotation is for a Ball & Socket Joint
Multiaxial
What is the end of a long bone called?
Epihysis
Hematopoiesis is the process of ?
blood formation
bony matrix of compact bone is organized into concentric layers of extracellular matrix called ______ that encircle central canals.
Lamellae
cells that deposit new bone tissue are called ______
Osteoblasts
Most bone of the the body are ?
Endochondrial
Flat bones, such as bones of the skull, that develop from sheetlike layers of connective tissue, are called ______.
Intramembranous bones
Osteoclast do what ?
break down matrix of bones
Clavicle + Scapula make up the
Pectoral Girdle
The ilium, ischium, and pubis fuse to form the _______ bone.
Hip or coxal
What is the anatomical name of the shin bone?
Tibia
Frontal, Cervical Vertebra, Sternum are found in ________ skeleton
Axial
What is the term used for ; Rounded process that usually articulates with another bone
Condyle
What is the term used for ;Prominent projection on a bone
Process
What is the term used for ; Small, knoblike process
tubercle
What is the term used for ; Opening through a bone
Foramen
What is the term used for ; Deep pit or depression
Fossa
Have traverse foramen
a.Cervical b. Thoracic. c. Lumbar
Cervical Vertebra
Have articular facets on transverse process
a.Cervical b. Thoracic. c. Lumbar
thoracic vertebra
Have articular facets that face superior/inferior
a.Cervical b. Thoracic. c. Lumbar
Cervical vertebra
Have spinous processes that are blunted &short
a.Cervical b. Thoracic. c. Lumbar
Lumbar
Some have bifid spinous process
a.Cervical b. Thoracic. c. Lumbar
Cervical
Largest size vertebral bodies
a.Cervical b. Thoracic. c. Lumbar
Lumbar
Where on a long bone is articular cartilage found?
Outer surface of the epiphyses
Diaphysis
a. spongy b. compact
Compact bone
Epiphyses
a. spongy b. compact
Spongy bone
Keratinized, dead cells flattened
a. Corneum b. Granulosum c. Basale d. Spinosum e. Lucidium
Corneum
Single row of cuboidal/columnar. cells that divide/grow
a. Corneum b. Granulosum c. Basale d. Spinosum e. Lucidium
Basale
Specialized structures formed of epithelial cells located near or connected to hair follicles (not in palms or soles)
a. merocrine glands b. Aprocrine c. Ceruminous d.Sebaceous
Sebaceous Glands
epidermis lacks blood vessels. Therefore, oxygen, nutrients, and wastes must diffuse to and from blood vessels found in what region of the skin?
a. Stratum basale b. Dermis c. Subcutaneous layer
Subcutaneous
Near hair follicles in armpit and groin
a. merocrine glands b. Aprocrine c. Ceruminous d.Sebaceous
Aprocrine Glands aka puberty
Secrete ear wax into external ear canal
a. merocrine glands b. Aprocrine c. Ceruminous d.Sebaceous
Ceruminous Glands
Function to lower body temperature
a. merocine glands b. Aprocrine c. Ceruminous d.Sebaceous
Merocine Glands aka sweat glands
Dense connective tissue
a. Dermis b. Epidermis c. Subcutaneous Layer(hypo)
Dermis
Stratified Squamos Epithelium
a. Dermis b. Epidermis c. Subcutaneous Layer(hypo)
Epidermis
Adipose & areolar tissue
a. Dermis b. Epidermis c. Subcutaneous Layer(hypo)
Hypodermis
Whats the rotation of a Condylar Joint
Biaxial
Whats the rotation of a Hinge Joint
Uniaxial
Whats the rotation of a Pivot joint
Uniaxial (limited rotation)
Whats the rotation of a Plane Joint
NON axial aka glides
Dendric cell do what?
Protect against infection
Tactile cells do what
Detect touch
Melanocytes produce what
Melanin
How many in Cervical, Throcratic, Lumbar
7, 12, 5
Superficial layer, fingerprint, receives oxygen nutrients from
Dermal Papillae
Dermal Ossification meaning?
Bone growth within membrane
What bone formation is used to create most bones of the body?
Endochondral ossification involves the replacement of hyaline cartilage with bony tissue. Most of the bones of the skeleton are formed in this manner.
A fibrous joint in which an interosseous ligament binds bones is a __________
Syndesmosis
Joints are also called __________
Articulation
The epidermis in the thin skin contains ________ layer(s) and in the thick
skin contains ________ layers
4 ; 5
The layer of dividing cells at the base of the epidermis is the
Stratum basale
_____ is the bone shaft
diaphysis
What is endosteum
it lines spaces, the cavity of the bone
What are fibrous joints held by ? and do they have a joint cavity
Held by dense irregular connective tissue
+ has no joint cavity
What are cartilaginous joints held by ? and do they have a joint cavity
Cartilage
+ has no joint cavity
What are synovial joints held by ? and do they have a joint cavity
Held by complex structures
+DOES have a joint cavity
What structure allows a bone to grow in length?
Epiphyseal Cartillage
Spongy bone consists of branching plates called
Trabeculae
List the 4 major cranial sutures
Coronal, sagittal, squamous, lambodial
Types of fibrous joints include
Gomphosis, suture, SYNdesmosis
ALL are NOT movable
Fibrous=not movable
Bones bound by a sheet of dense
connective tissue is what type of fibrous joint and what type of classification is it
+hint its a specific type of fibrous joint out of the three
Syndesmosis between the ulnar and radius
+amphiarthrotic = slimly movable
What is the main function of bones
Support/protect bone structures
aid body movements
provide shape of body
store inorganic salts
About how much of bone matrix consists of inorganic mineral salts
70%
What types of bones are most skeletal bones
Endochondral bones
