CH4 Cellular Metabolism

Question 1

Define metabolism

Answer 1

all chemical reactions that occur in the body, including those that obtain and use energy

Question 2

What is the name for a nonprotein component that combines with an enzyme and causes it to become activated?

Answer 2

Cofactor

Question 3

These are all examples of
producing proteins from amino acids

producing large nucleic acids from nucleotides

producing complex carbohydrates from monosaccharides

Answer 3

Dehydration synthesis

Question 4

What two terms that describe most enzymes.

Answer 4

Protein and catalyst

Question 5

Describe the order of cellular respiration and their functions

Answer 5

GLycosis
-anarobic does not need oxygen but make LITTLE atp
Citric Acid Cycle
-aerobic REQUiRES ogyden makes ALOT of atp
Electron transport chain
-aerobic

Question 6

Where is chemical energy held within a molecule?

Answer 6

Within chemical bonds

Question 7

what does glycolysis do?

Answer 7

Break down glucose

Question 8

What are the two types of metabolic reactions?

Answer 8

Anabolism & Catabolism

Question 9

Define Catabolism

Answer 9

Big molecules broken down into smaller ones
+RELEASES energy
ex breaks down carbohydrates, triglycerides, proteins, nucleic acids adds water molecules during the process?

Question 9

Define anabolism

Answer 9

Small molecules turning to big ones
REQUIRES ENERGY

Question 10

What factors alters an enzyme, describe them

Answer 10

cofactors
-non proteins substances
coenzyme
-small organic molecule such as Specific vitamins
denaturation
-inactivation of the enzyme
Once altered it may “never come back”
ex heat, radiating extreme PH

Question 11

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF ENZYMES?

Answer 11

Controls rate of ANABOLIC/CATABOLIC REACTIONS
SPEED UP CHEMICAL REACTION

Question 12

What final products does cellular respiration make?

Answer 12

Carbon Dioxide
water
heat
ATP

Question 13

Tell me the different types of RNA describe their roles

Answer 13

mRNA messenger rna (nucleus)
gets a copy of the DNA to send to the ribosome so ribosome knows the instructions make the protein

tRNA transfer rna (cytoplasm)
transfer amino acids to the ribosome. picking them up and dropping them off so ribosome can build the protein

rRNA ribosomal rna
bonds with special proteins to form a ribosome

Question 14

Nucleotides are what

Answer 14

The building blocks of DNA

Question 15

Differences betweenGenome and exome

Answer 15

Complete set of genetic information in a cell

small portion of the genome the CODES for proteins

Question 16

Control of which proteins are produced
in each cell type, in what amount, and under which circumstances

Answer 16

Gene expression

Question 17

ATP molecules consist of ?

Answer 17

Adenine
Ribose
Phosphates CHAIN(3)

Question 18

Same as ATP but only have TWO phosphates

Answer 18

ADP

Question 19

Define hydrolysis and some functions

Answer 19

reverse of dehydration synthesis
responsible for digestions such as breaking down triglycerides to glycerol&fatty acids

Question 20

Define dehydration synthesis

Answer 20

An ANAbolic process. Joins small molecules by releasing the equivalent of water molecules
makes glycerol and fatty acids to join to make triglycerides :)))

Question 21

what does heat do to metabolic energy?

Answer 21

increase movement of molecule movement resulting in more frequent collisions