ch 15 Cardiovacular system Flashcards
Sends oxygen poor blood to lungs and unloads Co2 , picks up oxygen
What type of circuit is this?
Pulmonary Circuit
Describe a series of events that happen to conduct a single heart beat
Hint: both atria….and ventricles
The atrial contracts(systole) and ventricle relaxes(diastole). Then atrial relaxes(diastole) and ventricles contracts(systole)
a recording of electrical changes in the myocardium during the cardiac cycle
What is this machine called?
Electrocardiogram
or aka ECG
What type of polarization does the T wave do and what action does it do?
VENTRICULAR Repolarization aka ventricles relaxing
-During Ventricular systole
-AV Valves Close
a. lupp b. dupp
LUPP
-During Ventricular diastole
-PULMONARY&AORTIC (semilunar) Valves CLOSE
a. lupp b. dupp
DUPP
Receive blood from the arteries, and carry it to the capillaries
a.Venules b.Veins c.Capillaries d.Arterioles
ARTERIOLES
Receive blood from venules, and carry it back to the atria of the heart
a.Venules b.Veins c.Capillaries d.Arterioles
VEINS
Sites of exchange of substances between the blood and the body cells
a.Venules b.Veins c.Capillaries d.Arterioles
CAPILLARIES
Blood vessels are organs of the cardiovascular system, what vessels count as this?
Capillaries, Venules, Arterioles, Arteries, Veins
Openings in cell membranes and between endothelial cells
Found in endocrine glands, kidneys, small intestine
a. Continuos b.Fenestrated c.Sinusoidal
Fenestrated
spaces between cells are small cavities
Discontinuous
Found in liver, spleen, and red bone marrow
a. Continuos b.Fenestrated c.Sinusoidal
Sinusoidal
-Hydrostatic pressure forces molecules through membrane
-Pressure is derived from ventricular contraction
What type of capillary exchange is this?
Filtration
-Most important method of transfer
-Lipid-soluble substances diffuse through cell membrane; water-soluble
substances diffuse through membrane channels and slits
What type of capillary exchange is this?
Diffusion
-Presence of impermeant solute, such as plasma proteins, inside capillaries
creates osmotic pressure
-Osmotic pressure draws water into capillaries, opposing filtration
-Colloid osmotic pressure refers to pressure due to plasma proteins
What type of capillary exchange is this?
Osmotic
THE _______ is a pacemaker because it initiates heart rhythmic contractionsaka heartbeat
Sinoatrial Node
SA
What other name does Subendocardial Conducting Network have?
PURkinje Fibers
System of specialized cardiac muscle fibers that conduct cardiac impulses from the SA node throughout the myocardium
What type of system is this?
CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM
What are the two types of Functional Syncytium
Atrial Syncytium & Ventricular Syncytium
Describe how the Cardiac Cycle goes
Hint: Atria contracts and…
Atrial(aka atrium) Systole(aka contracts) AND Ventricular Diastole(aka relaxes)
vise versa
Ventricular Systole and Atrial Diastole
Sequence of myocardial contraction and relaxation that constitutes a complete heartbeat.
What type of cycle is this?
Cardiac Cycle
Diastole is?
Relaxation of the heart
Systole is?
Contraction of the heart
which vessels supply blood to myocardium?
Left and right coronary arteries and their branches!!
What is a cardiac vein function?
Drains blood from myocardium
Sends oxygen poor blood to lungs and unloads Co2 , picks up oxygen
What type of circuit is this?
Pulmonary Circuit
Sends oxygen rich blood&nutrients to all body cells. Removes waste
What type of circuit is this?
Systemic Circuit
What makes up the cardiovascular system
Heart + blood vessels
Func of CV system?
TRANSPORT blood throughout the body
What is the site of exchange?
Capillaries
The pulmonary circuit is where ?
RIGHT side of heart
Describe the secquence starting at the vena cava to LUNGS
Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, left atrium, bicuspid valve, pulmonary V A L V E
Membranous covering that encloses the heart & proximal ends of large blood vessels
What is this covering called?
Pericardium
What is the pericardium composed of?
Dense connective tissue
why? this tissue hold and protects
to hold and protect heart
This portion is between the visceral + parietal layers of serous pericardium
What is this called
Pericardial Cavity
strands of collagen fibers that hold AV valves
What am I?
Chordae Tendinae or TENDINOUS CORDS
Irregular muscular ridges in VENTRICLE WALL
What am I?
TRA Be CULAE CARNE-AE
What is the function of the atrioventricular valves?
For blood to flow in ONLY 1 DIRECTION.
Atria to ventricles
What Term Refers to a Mass of Cells That Act as a Unit?
Functional syncytium
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
TRANSPORT blood throughout the body
List the layers of the heart wall from deepest to outer
ENDOcardium, Myocardium, PERIcardium
The heart, and the proximal ends of the large blood vessels to which it attaches, are enclosed in a membranous sac called the ______.
a. pericardium b.myocardium c.mediastium
a. PERIcardium
CORONARY ARTERIES SUPPLY BLOOD TO THE BLOOD MUSCLE just a note
loose fitting sac around the heart is the
fibrous pericardium
The great cardiac vein runs alongside the….
(hint: anterior)
anterior INTERventricular artery
