ch 15 Cardiovacular system Flashcards by Jannet :P

Sends oxygen poor blood to lungs and unloads Co2 , picks up oxygen
What type of circuit is this?

Pulmonary Circuit

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Describe a series of events that happen to conduct a single heart beat
Hint: both atria….and ventricles

The atrial contracts(systole) and ventricle relaxes(diastole). Then atrial relaxes(diastole) and ventricles contracts(systole)

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a recording of electrical changes in the myocardium during the cardiac cycle
What is this machine called?

Electrocardiogram
or aka ECG

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What type of polarization does the T wave do and what action does it do?

VENTRICULAR Repolarization aka ventricles relaxing

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-During Ventricular systole
-AV Valves Close
a. lupp b. dupp

LUPP

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-During Ventricular diastole
-PULMONARY&AORTIC (semilunar) Valves CLOSE
a. lupp b. dupp

DUPP

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Receive blood from the arteries, and carry it to the capillaries
a.Venules b.Veins c.Capillaries d.Arterioles

ARTERIOLES

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Receive blood from venules, and carry it back to the atria of the heart
a.Venules b.Veins c.Capillaries d.Arterioles

VEINS

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Sites of exchange of substances between the blood and the body cells
a.Venules b.Veins c.Capillaries d.Arterioles

CAPILLARIES

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Blood vessels are organs of the cardiovascular system, what vessels count as this?

Capillaries, Venules, Arterioles, Arteries, Veins

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Openings in cell membranes and between endothelial cells
Found in endocrine glands, kidneys, small intestine
a. Continuos b.Fenestrated c.Sinusoidal

Fenestrated

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spaces between cells are small cavities
Discontinuous
Found in liver, spleen, and red bone marrow
a. Continuos b.Fenestrated c.Sinusoidal

Sinusoidal

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-Hydrostatic pressure forces molecules through membrane
-Pressure is derived from ventricular contraction
What type of capillary exchange is this?

Filtration

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-Most important method of transfer
-Lipid-soluble substances diffuse through cell membrane; water-soluble
substances diffuse through membrane channels and slits
What type of capillary exchange is this?

Diffusion

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-Presence of impermeant solute, such as plasma proteins, inside capillaries
creates osmotic pressure
-Osmotic pressure draws water into capillaries, opposing filtration
-Colloid osmotic pressure refers to pressure due to plasma proteins
What type of capillary exchange is this?

Osmotic

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THE _______ is a pacemaker because it initiates heart rhythmic contractionsaka heartbeat

Sinoatrial Node
SA

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What other name does Subendocardial Conducting Network have?

PURkinje Fibers

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System of specialized cardiac muscle fibers that conduct cardiac impulses from the SA node throughout the myocardium
What type of system is this?

CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM

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What are the two types of Functional Syncytium

Atrial Syncytium & Ventricular Syncytium

Describe how the Cardiac Cycle goes
Hint: Atria contracts and…

Atrial(aka atrium) Systole(aka contracts) AND Ventricular Diastole(aka relaxes)
vise versa
Ventricular Systole and Atrial Diastole

Sequence of myocardial contraction and relaxation that constitutes a complete heartbeat.
What type of cycle is this?

Cardiac Cycle

Diastole is?

Relaxation of the heart

Systole is?

Contraction of the heart

which vessels supply blood to myocardium?

Left and right coronary arteries and their branches!!

What is a cardiac vein function?

Drains blood from myocardium

Sends oxygen poor blood to lungs and unloads Co2 , picks up oxygen What type of circuit is this?

Pulmonary Circuit

Sends oxygen rich blood&nutrients to all body cells. Removes waste What type of circuit is this?

Systemic Circuit

What makes up the cardiovascular system

Heart + blood vessels

Func of CV system?

TRANSPORT blood throughout the body

What is the site of exchange?

Capillaries

The pulmonary circuit is where ?

RIGHT side of heart

Describe the secquence starting at the vena cava to LUNGS

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, left atrium, bicuspid valve, pulmonary V A L V E

Membranous covering that encloses the heart & proximal ends of large blood vessels What is this covering called?

Pericardium

What is the pericardium composed of?

Dense connective tissue why? this tissue hold and protects to hold and protect heart

This portion is between the visceral + parietal layers of serous pericardium What is this called

Pericardial Cavity

strands of collagen fibers that hold AV valves What am I?

Chordae Tendinae or TENDINOUS CORDS

Irregular muscular ridges in VENTRICLE WALL What am I?

TRA Be CULAE CARNE-AE

What is the function of the atrioventricular valves?

For blood to flow in ONLY 1 DIRECTION. Atria to ventricles

What Term Refers to a Mass of Cells That Act as a Unit?

Functional syncytium

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

TRANSPORT blood throughout the body

List the layers of the heart wall from deepest to outer

ENDOcardium, Myocardium, PERIcardium

The heart, and the proximal ends of the large blood vessels to which it attaches, are enclosed in a membranous sac called the ______. a. pericardium b.myocardium c.mediastium

a. PERIcardium

CORONARY ARTERIES SUPPLY BLOOD TO THE BLOOD MUSCLE *just a note*

loose fitting sac around the heart is the

fibrous pericardium

The great cardiac vein runs alongside the.... (hint: anterior)

anterior INTERventricular artery