Ch 3 Cells

Question 1

What Are the Three Major Parts of a Cell?

Answer 1

Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane

Question 2

Phosphate heads, describe character

Answer 2

hydro philic membrane
<3 WATER

Question 3

What does cholesterol do to a cell membrane

Answer 3

it stabilizes the membrane, keeps it impermeable to water substances

Question 4

What is the function of membrane proteins

Answer 4

Their role is to be receptors and transporters such as be pores, chanels, aka looking over in what’s coming in and coming out

Question 5

Define the differences between Cytoplasm, cytosol, and cytoskeleton

Answer 5

Cytoplasm - liquid(cytosol) that suspends organelles
Cytosol - liquid or aka fluid itself
Cytoskeleton - rod like structures in cytoplasm rods/tubes are proteins

Question 6

What are ribosomes composed of and what is their function?

Answer 6

Protein and RNA
Enzyme activity to connect amino acids to protein synthesis

Question 7

membrane bound sacs, vesicles, canals
what am I

Answer 7

Endoplasmic Recticulum

Question 8

Whats the difference between Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

RER has ribosomes that help conduct protein synthesis
Smooth ER does NOT have ribosomes but conducts lipid synthesis

Question 9

Store and transport
Membranous sacs
What am I

Answer 9

Vesicle

Question 10

Sacs of flattened membranous sacs
store and transport substances

Answer 10

Vesicle

Question 11

Sacs of flattened membranous sacs
Refines, packages, and delivers
What am I

Answer 11

Golgi apparatus

Question 12

A cell membrane is _______ permeable

Answer 12

Selectively

Question 13

An organelle called _______ functions in protein synthesis

Answer 13

ribosome

Question 13

Active transport is a process that moves particles through a membrane from a region of ____ concentration to a region of ___ concentration

Answer 13

low to high

Question 14

The diffusion of WATER through selectively permeable membrane

Answer 14

Osmosis
ex
movement of water across permeable membrane to the side with more sodium in it

Question 15

What process brings large particles into the cell in a vesicle formed from a portion of the cell membrane?

Answer 15

Endocytosis

Question 16

What is cilia and flagella

Answer 16

Cilia: extension of cell membrane, move substances by gliding them; fringe like
Flagella: extension of cell membrane but moves the entire cell itself

Question 17

What is microvilli’s function

Answer 17

Also extension of cell membrane, function is to INCREASE surface area for absorption

Question 18

What is the nucleolus made of and its function

Answer 18

RNA and protein

Its a site for ribosome production

Question 19

Higher osmotic pressure; cells LOSE water
a. isotonic b. hypertonic c. hypotonic

Answer 19

HYPERtonic solution

Question 19

What is chromatin consist of and its function

Answer 19

Cells chromosomes

Stores information for protein synthesis

+the spiderlike strings

Question 20

Diffusion across the cell membrane through ion channels or transporters

Answer 20

Facilitated diffusion

Question 21

Low osmotic pressure; cell GAIN water
a. isotonic b. hypertonic c. hypotonic

Answer 21

HYPOtonic solution
Hypo = fat

Question 22

what are the 4 Phases of mitosis? Describe them

Answer 22

Prophase
Condenses DNA into chromosomes
Metaphase
Chromosomes lines up in middle
Anaphase
Chromosomes separate and move to opposite sides of the cell
Telophase
chromosomes return to original structure

Question 23

How many chromosomes are there in one cell?

Answer 23

46

Question 24

Cytokinesis

Answer 24

When there's two separate cells and cleavage furrow forms and officially separates cells

Question 25

The first step of cellular respiration that takes place in the cytoplasm is known as

Answer 25

GLycosis

Question 26

The atoms of isotopes of a particular element vary in the number of

Answer 26

Neutrons