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Anat > Ch 19 Respiratory > Flashcards

Ch 19 Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

By changing breathing rate, the PCO2 of the blood is changed, leading to a change in blood pH.

This is called?

A

Physiological buffer

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2
Q

The walls of alveoli are comprised of __________ epithelium.

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Where does gas exchange between inhaled air and bloodstream occur?

A

Alveoli

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3
Q

The movement of air in and out of the lungs.
What is this called?

A

VENTilation

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4
Q

Warms, filters, and moistens air as it enters respiratory tract
What structure is this?

A

Nasal cavity

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5
Q

Reduces weight of skull; voice modulation
What structure is this?

A

Paranasal Sinuses

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6
Q

Voice production
What organ is this?

A

Larynx
ex LA LA LA-rynx

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7
Q

Conveys air from nasal cavity to larynx
What organ is this?

A

Pharynx

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8
Q

Conveys air from larynx to bronchial tree
What organ is this?

A

Trachea

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9
Q

Structure Entry point for airflow during inspiration
What organ is this?

A

Nose

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10
Q

Branching structures carrying air to alveoli
What organ is this?

A

Bronchial Tree

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11
Q

Diaphragm contracts; thoracic cavity expands; intra-alveolar pressure drops; air flows into lungs.
What event this is?

A

Inspiration

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12
Q

exchange of gas of alveoli & blood = transportation to tissues

A

INternal respiration

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13
Q

Gas exchange between alveolar AIR and blood (or air & lungs)

A

EXTERnal respiration

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14
Q

Use of oxygen for metabolic reactions within cells

A

INTERnal respiration

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15
Q

When carbon dioxide combines with water, the compound becomes ?
Carbon +water

A

Carbonic Acid

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16
Q

It consists of two cyclic phases: __________ , which brings air into the lungs and expiration , which forces air out of the lungs. What is this called

A

Inspiration respiration

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17
Q

This gas is then transported by the blood to __________ cells.

A

TISSUE

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18
Q

The gas that diffuses from the alveolus, across the respiratory membrane, and into the pulmonary capillary is __________

A

OXYgen

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19
Q

Exchange of gases between atmosphere & body cells
What is this called?

A

RESpiration
aka breathing

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20
Q

What function are from the respiratory system?

A

-Blood pH balance
-sense of smell
-water concentration of air
-produce vocal sounds
-temp control
-filter air

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21
Q

What are the upper parts of the respiratory system?
Uhh Not Nancy Smiling Purposely Lately

A

Nose
Nasal Cavity
Sinuses
Pharynx
Larynx

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22
Q

oxygen used for adrenose triphosphate(ATP)
What is this event called?

A

CELLular Respiration

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23
Q

List the large cartilages in the larynx

A

Thyroid(Adams apple)
Cricoid
Epiglottic

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24
list the smaller cartilages in the larynx
Amanda Can Catch Aryteniod Corniculate Cuneiform
25
Boyles law consists of if inside alevoli ______ it causes to pull ______ air into lungs
decreases; more talks about equilibrium
26
What happens to O2 that doesn't go into RBC?
it turns into plasma
27
passageway of the airway in lung
lobe (connection to lymph & blood vessels) lobule terminal bronchioles alveoli nerves --blood &lymph vessels
28
Events in inspiration
Phrenic nerve pulses = muscle contraction in diaphragm Diaphragm moves DOWN & muscles may raise ribs INTRa alveolar pressure decreases Atmosphereic pressure become greater bc forced air into respiratory tract LUNGS FILL W/AIR
29
Events in EXpiration
Diaphragm/muscles RELAX Lungs RECOIL & surface tension @ alevolar walls Recoil = INCREASE intra alveolar pressure(less air = high al pressure) AIR FORCED OUT
30
What are the major respiratory areas? Describe them
Ventral = RHYTHYM OF BREATH Dorsal= modifies (ventral) activity for spefs situation
31
ones inspiration and expiration makes an event called
Respiratory Cycle
32
Vital capacity varies depending on...
gender, age, body size
33
what are the three types of respiratory volumes. describe characteristics
-inspiratory reserve volume amount of air that can be inhaled ADDITION to tidal vol -expiratory reserve volume amount of air that can be Exhaled ADDITION to tidal -residual volume air that remains in lungs after forceful
34
Internal = External =
Tissues Lungs
35
________ is between the pharynx and trachea
LARYNX
36
Which larynx cartilage is the largest? a. Thyroid b.Cricoid c. Epiglottic
Thyroid
37
Which larynx cartilage is elastic? a. Thyroid b.Cricoid c.Epiglottic
Epiglottic
38
The smaller cartilages in the larynx regulates the _______ and help _______ the larynx
vocal cord tension ; close
39
The pharynx can be split into three parts, name them
Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx
40
Frontal, Spheniod, ethmoid, maxillary are part of the parental sinuses True or False
True
41
What is the larynx composed of? (hint: think of the actions it makes)
muscle & connective tissue
42
True coal cords are superior to false vocal cords True or False
FALSEE
43
The trachea is LINED with ?
CILIATED mucous membrane
44
_______ is a respiratory tube w/the absence of cartilage
Bronchioles
45
The trachea has _______ on the INNER portion
Goblet Cells
46
Thin walled microscopic pushes, used for air a.interlobar bronchioles b.alveoli c.Alveolar sacs
b. ALVEOLI
47
Sympathetic nervous system causes broncho___ = bigger, more air
DILATION
48
Parasympathetic nervous system causes____ = contraction
constriction
49
clusters of alveoli; surrounds terminal ends of alveolar duct a. alveolar sacs b. alveoli c.bronchioels
a. ALVEOLAR SACS
50
______ is considered soft, spongy, "cone-shaped"
LUNGs
51
The _______ is a medial surface between both lungs in which contained blood vessels, nerves, bronchus enters
Hilium
52
the viscera pleura is a. attached to surface b. lines outer surface
a. attached to surface
53
ONLY structures that contain ______ can perform gas exchange a. alveoli b.stratified epithelium c. bronchioles
a. ALVEOLI
54
The pleural cavity secretes ______ fluid to reduce friction during respiration
Serious
55
What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?
Ventilation is mechanical and involves the movement of air. Respiration involves the exchange of gases in the alveoli (external respiration) and in the cells (internal respiration)
56
Inspiration = inhaling no answer just advice
57
Boyles law consists of
Pressure + volume equalling proportional to each other
58
________ is a measurement of air
Spirometer
59
vital capacities varies with,,,,,
age, body size, gender
60
ventral respiratory group consists of a.modifying the activity b.basic rhythm of breathing
b. "basic rhythm of breathing" aka maintain inspiration/expiratin rhythm
61
Partial pressure is the pressure....
one gas contributes within the mixture of gases
62
dorsal respiratory group consists of a.modifying the activity b.basic rhythm of breathing
a. "modifying the activity from ventral respiratory group" changes out of physical needs
63
What factors affects breathing rate
-Hydrogen concentration In body fluids -Emotional state -Chemoreceptors responding to O & CO
64
small opening in walls between alveoli permiting air to pass one alveolis to another which is it? a. alveolar poles b.alveoli macrophages
a. Alveolar Poles
65
clean alveoli respiratory membrane a. alveolar poles b.alveoli macrophages
b. Alveoli Macrophages
66
_______ _________- when gasses enter blood, dissolved in plasma or chemically combine w/other substances
Gas Transport

Anat (16 decks)

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