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Anat > Ch 19 Respiratory > Flashcards

Ch 19 Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

By changing breathing rate, the PCO2 of the blood is changed, leading to a change in blood pH.

This is called?

A

Physiological buffer

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2
Q

The walls of alveoli are comprised of __________ epithelium.

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Where does gas exchange between inhaled air and bloodstream occur?

A

Alveoli

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3
Q

The movement of air in and out of the lungs.
What is this called?

A

VENTilation

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4
Q

Warms, filters, and moistens air as it enters respiratory tract
What structure is this?

A

Nasal cavity

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5
Q

Reduces weight of skull; voice modulation
What structure is this?

A

Paranasal Sinuses

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6
Q

Voice production
What organ is this?

A

Larynx
ex LA LA LA-rynx

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7
Q

Conveys air from nasal cavity to larynx
What organ is this?

A

Pharynx

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8
Q

Conveys air from larynx to bronchial tree
What organ is this?

A

Trachea

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9
Q

Structure Entry point for airflow during inspiration
What organ is this?

A

Nose

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10
Q

Branching structures carrying air to alveoli
What organ is this?

A

Bronchial Tree

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11
Q

Diaphragm contracts; thoracic cavity expands; intra-alveolar pressure drops; air flows into lungs.
What event this is?

A

Inspiration

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12
Q

exchange of gas of alveoli & blood = transportation to tissues

A

INternal respiration

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13
Q

Gas exchange between alveolar AIR and blood (or air & lungs)

A

EXTERnal respiration

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14
Q

Use of oxygen for metabolic reactions within cells

A

INTERnal respiration

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15
Q

When carbon dioxide combines with water, the compound becomes ?
Carbon +water

A

Carbonic Acid

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16
Q

It consists of two cyclic phases: __________ , which brings air into the lungs and expiration , which forces air out of the lungs. What is this called

A

Inspiration respiration

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17
Q

This gas is then transported by the blood to __________ cells.

A

TISSUE

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18
Q

The gas that diffuses from the alveolus, across the respiratory membrane, and into the pulmonary capillary is __________

A

OXYgen

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19
Q

Exchange of gases between atmosphere & body cells
What is this called?

A

RESpiration
aka breathing

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20
Q

What function are from the respiratory system?

A

-Blood pH balance
-sense of smell
-water concentration of air
-produce vocal sounds
-temp control
-filter air

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21
Q

What are the upper parts of the respiratory system?
Uhh Not Nancy Smiling Purposely Lately

A

Nose
Nasal Cavity
Sinuses
Pharynx
Larynx

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22
Q

oxygen used for adrenose triphosphate(ATP)
What is this event called?

A

CELLular Respiration

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23
Q

List the large cartilages in the larynx

A

Thyroid(Adams apple)
Cricoid
Epiglottic

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24
Q

list the smaller cartilages in the larynx

A

Amanda Can Catch
Aryteniod
Corniculate
Cuneiform

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25
Q

Boyles law consists of if inside alevoli ______ it causes to pull ______ air into lungs

A

decreases; more
talks about equilibrium

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26
Q

What happens to O2 that doesn’t go into RBC?

A

it turns into plasma

27
Q

passageway of the airway in lung

A

lobe (connection to lymph & blood vessels)
lobule
terminal bronchioles
alveoli nerves –blood &lymph vessels

28
Q

Events in inspiration

A

Phrenic nerve pulses = muscle contraction in diaphragm
Diaphragm moves DOWN & muscles may raise ribs
INTRa alveolar pressure decreases
Atmosphereic pressure become greater bc forced air into respiratory tract
LUNGS FILL W/AIR

29
Q

Events in EXpiration

A

Diaphragm/muscles RELAX
Lungs RECOIL & surface tension @ alevolar walls
Recoil = INCREASE intra alveolar pressure(less air = high al pressure)
AIR FORCED OUT

30
Q

What are the major respiratory areas? Describe them

A

Ventral = RHYTHYM OF BREATH
Dorsal= modifies (ventral) activity for spefs situation

31
Q

ones inspiration and expiration makes an event called

A

Respiratory Cycle

32
Q

Vital capacity varies depending on…

A

gender, age, body size

33
Q

what are the three types of respiratory volumes. describe characteristics

A

-inspiratory reserve volume
amount of air that can be inhaled ADDITION to tidal vol
-expiratory reserve volume
amount of air that can be Exhaled ADDITION to tidal
-residual volume
air that remains in lungs after forceful

34
Q

Internal =
External =

A

Tissues
Lungs

35
Q

________ is between the pharynx and trachea

A

LARYNX

36
Q

Which larynx cartilage is the largest?
a. Thyroid b.Cricoid c. Epiglottic

A

Thyroid

37
Q

Which larynx cartilage is elastic?
a. Thyroid b.Cricoid c.Epiglottic

A

Epiglottic

38
Q

The smaller cartilages in the larynx regulates the _______ and help _______ the larynx

A

vocal cord tension ; close

39
Q

The pharynx can be split into three parts, name them

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

40
Q

Frontal, Spheniod, ethmoid, maxillary are part of the parental sinuses
True or False

A

True

41
Q

What is the larynx composed of?
(hint: think of the actions it makes)

A

muscle & connective tissue

42
Q

True coal cords are superior to false vocal cords
True or False

A

FALSEE

43
Q

The trachea is LINED with ?

A

CILIATED mucous membrane

44
Q

_______ is a respiratory tube w/the absence of cartilage

A

Bronchioles

45
Q

The trachea has _______ on the INNER portion

A

Goblet Cells

46
Q

Thin walled microscopic pushes, used for air
a.interlobar bronchioles b.alveoli c.Alveolar sacs

A

b. ALVEOLI

47
Q

Sympathetic nervous system causes broncho___ = bigger, more air

A

DILATION

48
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system causes____ = contraction

A

constriction

49
Q

clusters of alveoli; surrounds terminal ends of alveolar duct
a. alveolar sacs b. alveoli c.bronchioels

A

a. ALVEOLAR SACS

50
Q

______ is considered soft, spongy, “cone-shaped”

A

LUNGs

51
Q

The _______ is a medial surface between both lungs in which contained blood vessels, nerves, bronchus enters

A

Hilium

52
Q

the viscera pleura is
a. attached to surface b. lines outer surface

A

a. attached to surface

53
Q

ONLY structures that contain ______ can perform gas exchange
a. alveoli b.stratified epithelium c. bronchioles

A

a. ALVEOLI

54
Q

The pleural cavity secretes ______ fluid to reduce friction during respiration

A

Serious

55
Q

What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?

A

Ventilation is mechanical and involves the movement of air. Respiration involves the exchange of gases in the alveoli (external respiration) and in the cells (internal respiration)

56
Q

Inspiration = inhaling
no answer just advice

A
57
Q

Boyles law consists of

A

Pressure + volume equalling proportional to each other

58
Q

________ is a measurement of air

A

Spirometer

59
Q

vital capacities varies with,,,,,

A

age, body size, gender

60
Q

ventral respiratory group consists of
a.modifying the activity b.basic rhythm of breathing

A

b. “basic rhythm of breathing”
aka maintain inspiration/expiratin rhythm

61
Q

Partial pressure is the pressure….

A

one gas contributes within the mixture of gases

62
Q

dorsal respiratory group consists of
a.modifying the activity b.basic rhythm of breathing

A

a. “modifying the activity from ventral respiratory group”

changes out of physical needs

63
Q

What factors affects breathing rate

A

-Hydrogen concentration In body fluids
-Emotional state
-Chemoreceptors responding to O & CO

64
Q

small opening in walls between alveoli permiting air to pass one alveolis to another
which is it?
a. alveolar poles b.alveoli macrophages

A

a. Alveolar Poles

65
Q

clean alveoli respiratory membrane
a. alveolar poles b.alveoli macrophages

A

b. Alveoli Macrophages

66
Q

_______ _________- when gasses enter blood, dissolved in plasma or chemically combine w/other substances

A

Gas Transport

Anat (16 decks)

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