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Medical Terminology- vic > Chapter 12 - reproduction > Flashcards

Chapter 12 - reproduction Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

oligo- is the prefix for

A

scant for few

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2
Q

What is pneumovagina?

A

conformational defect in the perineum of cows and mares that allow air to enter the vagina; also called windsuckers

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3
Q

What is an ovarian cyst?

A

collection of fluid or solid material in the female gonad

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4
Q

What is orchitis?

A

inflammation of the gonads of the male; also called testitis

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5
Q

What is oligospermia?

A

deficient amount of sperm in semen

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6
Q

What is epididymitis?

A

inflammation of the epididymis

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7
Q

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

A

fertilized ovum implanted outside the uterus

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8
Q

What is dystocia?

A

difficult birth; female is having difficulty expelling the fetus

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9
Q

The scrotum or scrotal sac is the …?

A

external pouch that encloses and supports the testes

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10
Q

The structures of the male reproductive systems include?

A
  1. scrotum
  2. testes
  3. vas deferens
  4. epididymis
  5. accessory sex glands
  6. urethra
  7. penis
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11
Q

the male reproductive system is responsible for..?

A

the production & delivery of sperm to the egg to create life

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12
Q

Genit/o refers to?

A

the organs of reproduction

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13
Q

The reproductive organs are called?

A

genitals or gonads

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14
Q

The combining form for the epididymis?

A

epididym/o

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15
Q

What is epididymis?

A

the tube at the upper part of each testis that secretes part of the semen before ejaculation & provides a passageway for sperm

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16
Q

The combining forms for spermatozoa?

A

sperm/o, spermat/o

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17
Q

The testes make..?

A

spermatozoa - is the main function

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18
Q

Testis is..?

A

the singular form of testes

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19
Q

The combining forms for the testes are?

A

test/o, testicul/o, orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

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20
Q

What are the testes or testicles?

A

the male sex glands that produce spermatozoa (sperm)

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21
Q

The combining form for the perineum is..?

A

perine/o

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22
Q

What is the perineum?

A

the area between the scrotum and the anus in males

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23
Q

The combining form for the scrotum is…?

A

scrot/o

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24
Q

The structures of the female reproductive system include?

A
  1. ovary
  2. uterus
  3. uterine tubes
  4. cervix
  5. vagina
  6. vulva
  7. mammary glands
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25
Q

The female reproductive system is responsible for…?

A

the creation and support of new life

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26
Q

The combining forms for the penis are..?

A

pen/i, priap/o

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27
Q

the penis is …?

A

the male sex organ that carries reproductive and urinary products out of the body

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28
Q

The combining form for the urethra is..?

A

urethr/o

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29
Q

The urethra is?

A

a tube passing through the penis to the outside of the body that serves the reproductive and urinary systems

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30
Q

The accessory sex glands includes?

A

seminal vesicles
prostate
bulbourethral gland

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31
Q

What are the seminal vesicles?

A

secrete a thick, yellow substance, nourishes the sperm

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32
Q

What is the prostate?

A

secretes thick fluid that aids in the mobility of the sperm

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33
Q

What is the bulbourethral gland?

A

2 glands on either side of the urethra - secrete thick mucus that acts as a lubricant for sperm

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34
Q

What is the ductus deferens?

A

the tube connected to the epididymis that carries sperm into the pelvic region toward the urethra

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35
Q

Teratogens are?

A

substances that produce defects in the fetus

36
Q

The uterus is?

A

a thick-walled, hollow organ with muscular walls, and a mucous membrane lining that houses the developing embryos pregnant females

37
Q

The uterine tubes are…?

A

paired tubes that extend from the cranial portion of the uterus to the ovary (not attached to the ovary)

38
Q

The combining form for the uterine tubes are…?

A

salping/o

39
Q

The uterine tubes carry..?

A

ova from the ovary to the uterus and transport sperm traveling up from uterus

40
Q

The combining forms for ovary are…?

A

ovari/o, oophor/o

41
Q

The ovaries produce?

A

estrogen, progesterone, & ova (eggs)

42
Q

The ovaries are…?

A

a small pair of organs located in the caudal abdomen

- female gonad

43
Q

What is cryptorchidism?

A

developmental defect in which one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum; also called undescended testicle(s)

44
Q

What is cervicitis?

A

inflammation of the neck of the uterus

45
Q

What is benign prostatic hypertrophy?

A

abnormal noncancerous enlargement of the prostate; also called prostatomegaly or enlarged prostate

46
Q

What is azoospermia?

A

absence of sperm

47
Q

What is ultrasound?

A

diagnostic test using high-frequency waves to evaluate internal structures.

48
Q

What is ultrasonography?

A

works well in evaluating the uterus during pregnancy because the fluid present in the uterus helps define structures

49
Q

What is radiography?

A

procedure in which film is exposed as ionizing radiation passes through the patient and shows the internal body structures in profile

50
Q

What is paraphimosis?

A

retraction of the skin of the prepuce causing a painful swelling of the glans penis that prevents the penis from being retracted; the penis is extruded from the prepuce due to the small orifice.

51
Q

What is mastitis?

A

inflammation of the mammary gland(s)

52
Q

What is pseudohermaphroditism?

A

the condition of having gonads of one sex but the physical characteristics of both sexes

53
Q

What is hermaphroditism?

A

condition of having both ovarian and testicular tissue

54
Q

What is fibroid?

A

benign tumor arising from the smooth muscle of the uterus also called leiomyoma

55
Q

Mutagens are ?

A

substances that produce change or that create genetic abnormalities

56
Q

What is amniocentesis?

A

surgical puncture with a needle through the abdominal & uterine walls to obtain amniotic fluid to evaluate the fetus

57
Q

Parturition is divided into stages, what are they?

A

1st stage - dilation of the cervix
2nd stage - uterine contractions and delivery of the fetus
3rd stage - separation of the placenta from the uterus

58
Q

The combining form for giving birth is …?

A

part/o

59
Q

The act of giving birth is called?

A

parturition

60
Q

The combining forms for gestation are…?

A

gest/o & gestat/o

61
Q

Gestation is …?

A

the period of development of the fetus in the uterus from conception to parturition and is the term more used in animals

62
Q

The combining form for pregnancy is…?

A

pregn/o

63
Q

Pregnancy is…?

A

the condition of having a developing fetus in the uterus & is the time period between conception and parturition

64
Q

The outermost layer of the placenta is …?

A

chorion - protective wall connects to uterus

65
Q

What is the allantois?

A

the innermost layer of the placenta that forms a sac between itself and the amnion

66
Q

What is the amnion?

A

the innermost membrane that envelopes the fetus in the placenta - waste is collected here

67
Q

The combining form for umbilicus is…?

A

umbilic/o

68
Q

The umbilicus is…?

A

the structure that forms on the abdominal wall where the umbilcal cord was connected to the fetus

69
Q

The umbilical cord is ?

A

the structure that forms where the fetus communicates with the placenta

70
Q

The placenta is often referred to as…?

A

the afterbirth

71
Q

The placenta is…?

A

the female organ of mammals that develops during pregnancy & joins mother and offspring for exchange of nutrients, oxygen & waste products

72
Q

The combining forms for the mammary glands are?

A

mamm/o & mast/o

73
Q

Mammary glands are…?

A
  • composed of connective tissue organized into lobes, lobules, and alveoli
  • milk producing glands in females
74
Q

The number of mammary glands varies with the species. Litter-bearing species have _____. Large animals have an ______ with ______.

A

mammae

udder with teats

75
Q

The combining forms for the vulva are..?

A

vulv/o and episi/o

76
Q

The vulva consists of the ..?

A 
vaginal orifice
vestibular glands
clitoris
hymen
urethral
77
Q

The perineum is…?

A

the region between the vaginal orifice and the anus in females

78
Q

The vulva is…?

A

the external opening to the urogenital tract that leads into the vagina

79
Q

The combining forms for the vagina are..?

A

colop/o, vagin/o

80
Q

The vagina accepts the penis during_____.

A

copulation

81
Q

The vagina is…?

A

the muscular tube lined with mucosa that extends from the cervix to the outside of the body

82
Q

The combining form for the cervix is…?

A

cervic/o

83
Q

The reproductive system is responsible for…?

A

the act of producing offspring

-both male and female organs are needed

84
Q

Theriogenology means?

A

animal reproduction

85
Q

The cervix prevents?

A

foreign substances from entering the uterus

86
Q

The cervix is …?

A

the caudal continuation of the uterus & the cranial continuation of the vagina

87
Q

The combining forms for the uterus are…?

A

hyster/o, metr/o, metri/o, uter/o

Medical Terminology- vic (17 decks)

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