Ch 3 review exercises Flashcards
A common name for the tarsus is the …?
hock
The _____ joints are the freely movable joints of the body?
synovial
The correct order of the vertebral segments is ..?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
The digits contain bones that are called …?
phalanges
Components of the axial skeleton include..?
skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum
Another term for growth plate is…?
physis
Bones of the front limb include…?
humerus, radius, ulna, carpal, metacarpal, and phalanges
Rectus means?
straight
Muscles may be classified as..?
voluntary, involuntary, cardiac
A term for when a muscle becomes shorter and thicker is …?
contraction
Levator muscles ____ a body part.
raise
A fibrous band of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone is …?
tendon
Looseness is called…?
laxity
Protrusion of a body part through tissues that normally contain it is called a…?
hernia
Surgical removal of a muscle or part of a muscle is called…?
myectomy
Abnormal condition or disease of muscle is called..?
myopathy
Which term describes a shaft of a long bone?
diaphysis
The tarsal bones are found in the…?
hock
The manubrium is the…?
cranial portion of the sternum
Which term describes the freely movable joints of the body?
diarthroses
The opening in a bone through which blood vessels nerves, and ligaments pass is a…?
foramen
The acetabulum is commonly called the…?
hip socket
Muscles located above the pelvic axis are called?
epaxial muscles
Muscles under voluntary control are know as …?
skeletal
Minimus is to maximus as…?
minor is to major
A muscle that bends a limb at its joint or decreases the joint angle is called…?
flexor
A ______ is a curved fibrous cartilage found in some synovial joints.
meniscus
Connections between two bones are called _____ or _______.
joints or articulations
The caudal portion of the sternum is called the _______ _______
xyphoid process
An _______ is removal of all or part of a limb or body part
amputation
A _______ is a piece of dead bone that is partially or fully detached from the surrounding healthy bone.
sequestrum
Inward curvature of a bone is called …?
kyphosis
Visual examination of the internal structure of a joint using a fiberoptic instruments is ______
arthroscopy
______is loss of mobility of a joint.
Ankylosis
______ is abnormal softening of cartilage.
Chondromalacia
A muscle that straightens a limb at a joint is called ?
extensors
An _____ is a band of fibers that holds structures together in an abnormal fashion.
adhesion
Dogs with short, wide skulls are said to be
Brachycephalic
Involuntary muscles is also called
smooth and cardiac muscle
Surgical removal of a claw is
onychectomy
A ______ is a broken bone in which there is an open wound in the skin.
compound fracture or open fracture
The ______ _______ is the fibrous band of connective tissue onthe ventral abdominal wall that is the median attachment of the abdominal muscles.
linea alba
A __________ is the place where muscle ends that is more movable end or portion away from the midline.
muscle insertion
Inflammation of an tendon is called ________.
bursitis
The opposite of extension is ________.
flexion
The opposite of contraction is ______.
relaxation
projection
process
sharp projections
spine
low projection or ridge
line
space or cavity
sinus
projecting part
tuberosity
rounded projection (that articulates with another bone)
condyle
passage or opening
meatus
tunnel
canal
seam
suture
toothlike structure
dens
smooth area
facet
trench or hollow depressed
fossa
small pit
fovea
surface projection
eminence
rounded projection (distal end of tibia and fibula)
malleolus
projecting part
protuberance
opening
aperture
branch or smaller structure given off by a larger structure
ramus
high projection or border projection
crest
broad, flat projetion (on femur)
trochanter
groove
sulcus
thin, flat plate
lamina
major prutrusion
head
defective
dystrophy
place where muscles begin
origin
narrow, long skull
Dolichocephalic
surgical incision into a muscle
myotomy
inflammation of voluntary muscles
myositis
lack of muscle control
atonic
circular movement around an axis
rotation
small bone embedded in tendon
sesamoid
four-footed animal
dog
study of bone
osteology
upper bone of jaw
maxilla
lower bone of jaw
mandible
animal with hooves
ungulate
caudal part of sternum
xyphoid process
things that work opposite each other
antagonist
A muscle that lowers or depresses a part is called a …?
depressor
the opposite of inferior is
superior
The term for crosswise is
transverse
The term for slanted is
oblique
The crackling sensation that is felt and heard when broken bones move together is called
crepitation
Broken bones that are splintered or crushed into multiple pieces are called ______
comminuted
Abnormal development of the pelvic joint causing the head of the femur and the acetabulum not to be aligned properly is called _____
Hip dysplasia
T or F Arthrodesis is fusion of a join or the spinal vertebrae by surgical means
True
T or F A craniotomy is a surgical incision into a joint
False
T or F An osteotomy is the surgical removal of bone
True
T or F Ataxia is lack of voluntary control of muscle movement
True
T or F An adhesion is a band of fibers that holds strutures together in an abnormal fashion.
True
P1
long pastern
P2
short pastern
P3
coffin bone
tarsus
hock
splint bone
metacarpal/metatarsal II and IV in equine
fetlock joint
metacarpo-/metatarsophalangeal joint of equine and ruminants
pastern joint
connection between phalanx I and II equine and ruminants
coffin joint
distal interphalangeal joint of phalanx II and III in equine and ruminants
knee
carpus in large animals
stifle
synovial joint located between the femur and tibia
clavicle
collarbone
cannon bone
metacarpal/metatarsal III in equine and metacarpal/metatarsal III and IV in ruminants
dewclaw
variable digit depending on species; digit I in dogs, digits II and V in ruminants
sternum
breastbone
humerus
proximal front limb
fibula
distal hind limb
tibia
distal hind limb
ulna
distal front limb
femur
proximal hind limb
tarsus
joint in hind limb
radius
distal front limb
carpus
joint in front limb
metacarpal
joint in front limb
metatarsal
joint in hind limb
phalanx
distal part of front and hind limb
_____ and _____ are terms used for displacement of a bone from its joint.
subluxation and partial dislocation
______ the tough, fiborous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone.
periosteum
