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Medical Terminology- vic > Ch 3 review exercises > Flashcards

Ch 3 review exercises Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

A common name for the tarsus is the …?

A

hock

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2
Q

The _____ joints are the freely movable joints of the body?

A

synovial

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3
Q

The correct order of the vertebral segments is ..?

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal

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4
Q

The digits contain bones that are called …?

A

phalanges

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5
Q

Components of the axial skeleton include..?

A

skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum

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6
Q

Another term for growth plate is…?

A

physis

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7
Q

Bones of the front limb include…?

A

humerus, radius, ulna, carpal, metacarpal, and phalanges

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8
Q

Rectus means?

A

straight

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9
Q

Muscles may be classified as..?

A

voluntary, involuntary, cardiac

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10
Q

A term for when a muscle becomes shorter and thicker is …?

A

contraction

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11
Q

Levator muscles ____ a body part.

A

raise

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12
Q

A fibrous band of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone is …?

A

tendon

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13
Q

Looseness is called…?

A

laxity

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14
Q

Protrusion of a body part through tissues that normally contain it is called a…?

A

hernia

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15
Q

Surgical removal of a muscle or part of a muscle is called…?

A

myectomy

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16
Q

Abnormal condition or disease of muscle is called..?

A

myopathy

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17
Q

Which term describes a shaft of a long bone?

A

diaphysis

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18
Q

The tarsal bones are found in the…?

A

hock

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19
Q

The manubrium is the…?

A

cranial portion of the sternum

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20
Q

Which term describes the freely movable joints of the body?

A

diarthroses

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21
Q

The opening in a bone through which blood vessels nerves, and ligaments pass is a…?

A

foramen

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22
Q

The acetabulum is commonly called the…?

A

hip socket

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23
Q

Muscles located above the pelvic axis are called?

A

epaxial muscles

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24
Q

Muscles under voluntary control are know as …?

A

skeletal

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25
Q

Minimus is to maximus as…?

A

minor is to major

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26
Q

A muscle that bends a limb at its joint or decreases the joint angle is called…?

A

flexor

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27
Q

A ______ is a curved fibrous cartilage found in some synovial joints.

A

meniscus

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28
Q

Connections between two bones are called _____ or _______.

A

joints or articulations

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29
Q

The caudal portion of the sternum is called the _______ _______

A

xyphoid process

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30
Q

An _______ is removal of all or part of a limb or body part

A

amputation

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31
Q

A _______ is a piece of dead bone that is partially or fully detached from the surrounding healthy bone.

A

sequestrum

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32
Q

Inward curvature of a bone is called …?

A

kyphosis

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33
Q

Visual examination of the internal structure of a joint using a fiberoptic instruments is ______

A

arthroscopy

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34
Q

______is loss of mobility of a joint.

A

Ankylosis

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35
Q

______ is abnormal softening of cartilage.

A

Chondromalacia

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36
Q

A muscle that straightens a limb at a joint is called ?

A

extensors

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37
Q

An _____ is a band of fibers that holds structures together in an abnormal fashion.

A

adhesion

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38
Q

Dogs with short, wide skulls are said to be

A

Brachycephalic

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39
Q

Involuntary muscles is also called

A

smooth and cardiac muscle

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40
Q

Surgical removal of a claw is

A

onychectomy

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41
Q

A ______ is a broken bone in which there is an open wound in the skin.

A

compound fracture or open fracture

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42
Q

The ______ _______ is the fibrous band of connective tissue onthe ventral abdominal wall that is the median attachment of the abdominal muscles.

A

linea alba

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43
Q

A __________ is the place where muscle ends that is more movable end or portion away from the midline.

A

muscle insertion

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44
Q

Inflammation of an tendon is called ________.

A

bursitis

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45
Q

The opposite of extension is ________.

A

flexion

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46
Q

The opposite of contraction is ______.

A

relaxation

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47
Q

projection

A

process

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48
Q

sharp projections

A

spine

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49
Q

low projection or ridge

A

line

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50
Q

space or cavity

A

sinus

51
Q

projecting part

A

tuberosity

52
Q

rounded projection (that articulates with another bone)

A

condyle

53
Q

passage or opening

A

meatus

54
Q

tunnel

A

canal

55
Q

seam

A

suture

56
Q

toothlike structure

A

dens

57
Q

smooth area

A

facet

58
Q

trench or hollow depressed

A

fossa

59
Q

small pit

A

fovea

60
Q

surface projection

A

eminence

61
Q

rounded projection (distal end of tibia and fibula)

A

malleolus

62
Q

projecting part

A

protuberance

63
Q

opening

A

aperture

64
Q

branch or smaller structure given off by a larger structure

A

ramus

65
Q

high projection or border projection

A

crest

66
Q

broad, flat projetion (on femur)

A

trochanter

67
Q

groove

A

sulcus

68
Q

thin, flat plate

A

lamina

69
Q

major prutrusion

A

head

70
Q

defective

A

dystrophy

71
Q

place where muscles begin

A

origin

72
Q

narrow, long skull

A

Dolichocephalic

73
Q

surgical incision into a muscle

A

myotomy

74
Q

inflammation of voluntary muscles

A

myositis

75
Q

lack of muscle control

A

atonic

76
Q

circular movement around an axis

A

rotation

77
Q

small bone embedded in tendon

A

sesamoid

78
Q

four-footed animal

A

dog

79
Q

study of bone

A

osteology

80
Q

upper bone of jaw

A

maxilla

81
Q

lower bone of jaw

A

mandible

82
Q

animal with hooves

A

ungulate

83
Q

caudal part of sternum

A

xyphoid process

84
Q

things that work opposite each other

A

antagonist

85
Q

A muscle that lowers or depresses a part is called a …?

A

depressor

86
Q

the opposite of inferior is

A

superior

87
Q

The term for crosswise is

A

transverse

88
Q

The term for slanted is

A

oblique

89
Q

The crackling sensation that is felt and heard when broken bones move together is called

A

crepitation

90
Q

Broken bones that are splintered or crushed into multiple pieces are called ______

A

comminuted

91
Q

Abnormal development of the pelvic joint causing the head of the femur and the acetabulum not to be aligned properly is called _____

A

Hip dysplasia

92
Q

T or F Arthrodesis is fusion of a join or the spinal vertebrae by surgical means

A

True

93
Q

T or F A craniotomy is a surgical incision into a joint

A

False

94
Q

T or F An osteotomy is the surgical removal of bone

A

True

95
Q

T or F Ataxia is lack of voluntary control of muscle movement

A

True

96
Q

T or F An adhesion is a band of fibers that holds strutures together in an abnormal fashion.

A

True

97
Q

P1

A

long pastern

98
Q

P2

A

short pastern

99
Q

P3

A

coffin bone

100
Q

tarsus

A

hock

101
Q

splint bone

A

metacarpal/metatarsal II and IV in equine

102
Q

fetlock joint

A

metacarpo-/metatarsophalangeal joint of equine and ruminants

103
Q

pastern joint

A

connection between phalanx I and II equine and ruminants

104
Q

coffin joint

A

distal interphalangeal joint of phalanx II and III in equine and ruminants

105
Q

knee

A

carpus in large animals

106
Q

stifle

A

synovial joint located between the femur and tibia

107
Q

clavicle

A

collarbone

108
Q

cannon bone

A

metacarpal/metatarsal III in equine and metacarpal/metatarsal III and IV in ruminants

109
Q

dewclaw

A

variable digit depending on species; digit I in dogs, digits II and V in ruminants

110
Q

sternum

A

breastbone

111
Q

humerus

A

proximal front limb

112
Q

fibula

A

distal hind limb

113
Q

tibia

A

distal hind limb

114
Q

ulna

A

distal front limb

115
Q

femur

A

proximal hind limb

116
Q

tarsus

A

joint in hind limb

117
Q

radius

A

distal front limb

118
Q

carpus

A

joint in front limb

119
Q

metacarpal

A

joint in front limb

120
Q

metatarsal

A

joint in hind limb

121
Q

phalanx

A

distal part of front and hind limb

122
Q

_____ and _____ are terms used for displacement of a bone from its joint.

A

subluxation and partial dislocation

123
Q

______ the tough, fiborous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone.

A

periosteum

Medical Terminology- vic (17 decks)

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