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Medical Terminology- vic > Ch 3 the muscular system > Flashcards

Ch 3 the muscular system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What are organs that contract to produce movement?

A

muscles

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2
Q

A type of movement with examples walking is called?

A

ambulation

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3
Q

Another type of movement that results in normal functioning of the body?

A

contraction of organs or tissues

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4
Q

Movement also helps in pumping of blood and _____ of heat.

A

generation

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5
Q

Muscles are made up of&raquo_space;?

A

long, slender cells called muscles fibers

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6
Q

Each muscle consists of a group of…?

A

muscles fibers in a sheath

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7
Q

The combining form my/o, fibr/o, fibros/o means?

A

muscle

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8
Q

What are the types of muscles?

A

skeletal, cardiac and smooth

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9
Q

A sheet of fiborous connective tissue that covers, support, and separates muscles called?

A

fascia

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10
Q

The combining forms fasci/o and fasc/i means?

A

fascia

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11
Q

What is a fibrous sheet that gives attachment to muscular fibers and serves as a means of origin and insertion of a flat muscle is called?

A

aponeurosis

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12
Q

The combining form aponeur/o means

A

aponeurosis

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13
Q

What connects muscles to bone?

A

tendons

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14
Q

The combining form kinesi/o and -kinesis means?

A

movement

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15
Q

Kinesiology is the study of ..?

A

movement

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16
Q

Anti- means?

A

against

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17
Q

Agon means

A

struggle

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18
Q

What type of muscles work against or opposite of other muscles?

A

antagonistic muscles

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19
Q

syn means?

A

together

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20
Q

Erg means?

A

work

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21
Q

What muscles work with other muscles to produce movement?

A

synergist muscles

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22
Q

What is a fibrous band of connective tissue on the ventral abdominal wall that is the median attachment of the abdominal muscles?

A

linea alba

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23
Q

Muscle that bends a limb at its joint or decreases the joint angle is what?

A

a flexor

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24
Q

Muscle that straightens a limb or increases the joint angle is what?

A

an extensor

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25
Q

Muscle that raises or elevates a part is what?

A

a levator

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26
Q

Muscle that lowers or depresses a part is what?

A

a depressor

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27
Q

Muscle that turns a body part on its axis is what?

A

a rotator

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28
Q

Muscle that rotates the palmar or plantar surface upward is what?

A

a supinator

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29
Q

Muscle that rotates the palmar or plantar surface downward is what?

A

a pronator

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30
Q

What is a term used to describe the type of muscle movement?

A

range of motion

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31
Q

Muscles are also named for their _______ on the body or the _____ they are near.

A

location, organ

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32
Q

What muscles are located on the chest?

A

pectoral muscles

33
Q

What muscles are located above the pelvic axis?

A

epaxial muscles

34
Q

What muscles are located between the ribs?

A

intercostal muscles

35
Q

What muscles are located beneath the spine of the scapula?

A

infraspinatus muscles

36
Q

What muscles are located above the spine of the scapula?

A

supraspinatus muscles

37
Q

Muscles can also be named according to the ______ of the muscles fibers.

A

direction

38
Q

What muscles align with the vertical axis of the body?

A

Rectus muscles

39
Q

Rectus means?

A

straight

40
Q

Oblique means?

A

slanted

41
Q

What muscles slant outward away from the midline?

A

Oblique muscles

42
Q

Transverse means?

A

crosswise

43
Q

What muscles form crosswise to the midline?

A

transverse muscle

44
Q

Sphincter means?

A

tight band

45
Q

What muscles are ring-like and constrict the opening of a passageway?

A

Sphincter muscles

46
Q

Some muscles are named for the number of _____ they have.

A

divisions

47
Q

What muscle generally has two divisions (heads)?

A

biceps

48
Q

What muscle generally has three divisions (heads)?

A

triceps

49
Q

What muscle generally has four divisions (heads)?

A

quadraceps

50
Q

Quadri means?

A

four

51
Q

Muscles may be named for their _____.

A

size

52
Q

Muscles that are small are called?

A

minimus or minor

53
Q

Muscles that are large are called?

A

maximus or vastus or major

54
Q

Muscles that are broad are called?

A

latissimus

55
Q

Muscles that are too narrow?

A

longissimus or gracilis

56
Q

What muscle is triangular?

A

deltoid

57
Q

What muscle is 4-sided or square?

A

quadratus

58
Q

What muscles are diamond shaped?

A

rhomboideus

59
Q

What is a sterile surgical procedure?

A

arthrocentesis

60
Q

What takes radiographs - bones skeletal system?

A

Radiology

61
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes painful joints?

A

arthralgia

62
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes inflammation of joints?

A

arthritis

63
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes hip dislocation - bad formation?

A

hip dysplasia

64
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes the back to be swayed?

A

Lordosis - cats in heat

65
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes dislocation or displacement (partial dislocation)

A

Luxation and subluxation

66
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes abnormal softening of bone?

A

Osteomalacia

67
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes abnormal hardening of the bone?

A

Osteosclerosis

68
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes an autoimmune disease of the tissues and joints?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

69
Q

Pathologic conditions that causes inflammation in the spine?

A

spondylitis

70
Q

What is an avulsion?

A

detachment

71
Q

What is a closed fracture?

A

any fracture that does not break through the skin

72
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

a crush fracture (multiple broken pieces)

73
Q

What is crepitation?

A

grinding bone - crunching (in lungs and joints)

74
Q

What is greenstick?

A

bone bent but no broken - like bending a live tree

75
Q

What is oblique problem with the bone?

A

the bone is at an angle

76
Q

What is a compound fracture?

A

complicated - open

77
Q

What is a spiral fracture?

A

fracture goes around the bone

78
Q

What is a transverse break?

A

break goes across the bone

Medical Terminology- vic (17 decks)

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