chapter 12 industry Flashcards
what was the five year plans
- plans that set production targets for each bit of soviet industry
- only way to transform su into modern state like others in short space of time. when people sid ot was too fast he said “those who lag behind are beaten “
what were motives
- convinced he would get invaded and only strong su could cope with this
- agriculture to be achieved then changes o stell works needed so more tractors could be made
- AGAINST NEP, went against ideals of communism. retspre central DIRECTION OF INDUSTRY AGAIN.
also he would out do his rivals if he went through with these and succesful
what first 5 year plan involve
what was gosplan and when
1) 1928 NEP abolished and five year plan 1 introduced, run by the gosplan (state planning authority which set targets for key indurtsiesn)
2) Cocnenctrated on heavy industry, so electricity motor vehicles ,chemicals etc. HOUSEHOLD GOODS NEGLECTED
3) With new factories and centres being made some cities became industrial like Magnitogorsk , full on industrial city away from west if were attack, and workers moved their
what was expected of workers but what acc happened
bad views, what lead to
good views too
- work hard ppssouble to reach targets set . if not shamed .
- but some couldnt take pressure and lead to increase of ABSENTEEISM
- staying away from work and not putting effort in.
- = chekcs happened in sent to gulags if not doing well
2) but at same time some people happy and thought depsote bad conditions feeling national that new country was made and serving soviet unions , YOUNG people volunteered to live in magneitgorsk
second five year plan
focus first
what changed
then what focus forced to
Second
- For consumer goods, and some targets like too high we’re avoided., so QUALITY OF WORK BETTER .
- Rationing ended and strikes not permitted
- us of Technical expertise , good growth in coal chemical and electricity, increased but oil still low
Then as war loomed heavy industry increased it agains heavyweight industry for like ammo which was needed
third five year plan
what change of focus
what problem it had
launched 1948 nnever happebed , focus on HOUSEHOLD GOODS and luxury items but because germany attaked , HEAVY INDUSTRY AGAIN MAIN FOCUS
problems here because everyone was purged , so no officals left and workers too lmao
what was stakhanovite movement
alexie stakhanovite was miner hero of su when claimed he sifted 1-2 tonnes of coal , 15 more then normal.
- was a set up as had two workers help ho,
- here employees encouraged to be like him and made ‘shock brigades’ to copy their hero
- stakhanoviets rearded with medals like order of lenins etc, new houses holidays etc but CAMPIAGN ended quickly because stakhanovites were getting beat up in envy by workers…
success of five year plan industrilisaion
1) Plans weren’t achieved but indurtial production increased , second to USA
2) Skilled workforce: disciplined and educated, higher wages and better standard of living, goes agsints communist but stalin knew incentives had to be placed
3) Cities developed and Dneiper dam hydroelectric station and belomor canal, magnitgork etc
failures of five year plan
1) Too ambitious and unrealistic, TRAGETS RARELY ACHIEVED
2) Offials gave false production figure to satisfy gosplan
3) Shortages and 1) Too ambitious and unrealistic,
2) Offials gave false prosecution figure to satisfy gosplan
3) Shortages and production quality dropped, even whole industries looked like increased actually dropped like textiles
4) Tractors broke down as peasnats didnt know what they were doing. 50k tratcors out of 170k produced
5) Working conditions bad peasants sad similar to revoltion working conditions- HAD TO ENDURE TO FEED OTHER SOCIETY , thought that anything they were doing was for the betterment of the state , SO anyone who expressed hate =enemy of state
