Chapter 12: Emotional Behavior

Question 1

Biological Psychologist define emotion in terms of three concepts:

Answer 1

Cognition (representation), Action (Motor Behvaior), and Physiology

Question 2

o Frightening situations – run away, increased heart rate- fear
o Emotions re feelings cause by changes in physiological conditions relating to the autonomic and motor functions.
• Emotions is perception of a unique set of bodily changes

Answer 2

James Lange Theory

Question 3

• Output from the autonomic nervous system to the body fails, either completely or almost completely.

Answer 3

Pure Autonomic Faliure

Question 4

The Lymbic system contains 2 important parts for emorion

Answer 4

Amygdala & Hippocampus

Question 5

strongly activated during exposure to stimuli perceived as “disgusting

Answer 5

Insular Cortex

Question 6

associated with “approach”

Answer 6

Left Hemisphere

Question 7

is associated with “withdrawal”.

Answer 7

Right Hemisphere

Question 8

• Activity in the LEFT hemisphere especially in the frontal and temporal areas.
• Marked by low to moderate autonomic arousal and a tendency to approach, which could characterize either happiness or anger.

Answer 8

Behavioral Activation System (BAS)

Question 9

• Increased activity of the frontal and temporal lobes of the RIGHT hemisphere
• Increases attention and arousal, inhibits action and stimulates emotions such as fear and disgust.

Answer 9

Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)

Question 10

Damage to _____ impairs decision making

Answer 10

Prefrontal Cortex

Question 11

• Responsible for male aggressive behavior.
• Decreases the ability to recognize the expression consciously but increases the responses in emotion related to brain areas.

Answer 11

Testosterone

Question 12

• The amount that neurons released and replaced.

Answer 12

Turnover

Question 13

• Researchers estimate serotonin turnover from this concentration
• Serotonins main metabolic in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Answer 13

5-Hydroxindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)

Question 14

• Long-term generalized emotional arousal depends in this brain area.
• The stria terminal is a set of axons that connect this nucleus to the amygdala.

Answer 14

Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminals

Question 15

• People with disease fail to recognize the emotional expression in faces, especially expressions of fear or disgust.

Answer 15

Urbach-Weither Disease

Question 16

• Characterized by frequent periods of anxiety and occasional attacks of rapid breathing, increased heart rate, sweating, and trembling, extreme arousal of the sympathetic nervous system.

Answer 16

Panic Disorders

Question 17

bind to the GABAA receptor, which includes a site that bind, GABA as well as sites that modify the sensitivity of the GABA site.

Answer 17

Benzodiazepines

Question 18

• Nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it.

Answer 18

Stress

Question 19

• The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal cortex.

Answer 19

HPA axis

Question 20

• Activation of the hypothalamus induces the anterior pituitary glans to secrete ACTH, which in turn stimulates the human adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol, which enhances metabolic activity and elevated blood levels of sugar and other nutrients.

Answer 20

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Question 21

is like a police force: if it is too weak the “criminals” (viruses and bacteria) run wild and create damage. If it comes too strong and unselective its starts attacking “law-abiding citizens” (the bodys own cells).

Answer 21

The Immune System

Question 22

• The most important elements of the immune system are the Leukocytes commonly known as white blood cells.

Answer 22

Leukocytes

Question 23

Leukocytes Releases . . .

Answer 23

Cytokines

Question 24

• B cell secrete
________
• Y-shaped proteins that attach to a particular kind of antigens just as a key fits a lock.
• Your body’s antigens are as unique as fingerprints.

Answer 24

Antibodies

Question 25

• Deals with the ways experiences alter the immune system and how the immune system in turn influences the central nervous system.

Answer 25

Psychoneuroimmunology

Question 26

occurs in some people who have endured terrifying experiences such as a life threatening attach or watching someone get killed.

Answer 26

PTSD