Chapter 11 - Pathology And Lab Tests

Question 1

ACE inhibitor

Answer 1

1. Drug that causes dilation of blood vessels and lowers blood pressure.
2. Prevents heart attack, strokes, and congestive heart failure (CHF)

Question 2

Acute coronary syndrome

Answer 2

Unstable angina and myocardial infraction (heart attack), which are consequences of plaque rupture in coronary arteries.

Question 3

Aneurysm

Answer 3

Local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall.

Question 4

Angina

Answer 4

Chest pain resulting from myocardial infraction (heart attack)

Question 5

Angiography

Answer 5

X-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material

Question 6

Atrioventricular block

Answer 6

• Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)
• Also called bradycardia and heart block

Question 7

Atrial fibrillation

Answer 7

Electrical impulses move randomly throughout the atria, causing the atria to quiver instead of contracting with a normal rhythm.

Question 8

Auscultation

Answer 8

Listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structure using the stethoscope.

Question 9

Beta-blocker

Answer 9

1. Drugs used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), angina, and arrhythmias
2. Blocks epinephrine, lowers blood pressure, and controls heart rate

Question 10

Biventricular pacemaker

Answer 10

Device enabling ventricles to beat together so that more blood is pumped out of the heart.

Question 11

BNP test

Answer 11

Measurement of BNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide) in blood.

Question 12

Bruit

Answer 12

An abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard on auscultation of an artery or an organ

Question 13

Calcium Channel Blocker

Answer 13

Drugs used to treat chest pain (angina) and high blood pressure (hypertension).

Question 14

Cardiac arrest

Answer 14

Sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action, often leading to sudden cardiac death

Question 15

Cardiac catheterization

Answer 15

Thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein or an artery

Question 16

Cardiac MRI

Answer 16

Images of the heart are produced with magnetic wave

Question 17

Cardiac tamponade

Answer 17

Pressure on th heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space

Question 18

Cardioversion

Answer 18

Treatment for serious arrhythmia using brief discharges of electricity to shock the heart so that a normal rhythm can begin; deifibrillation

Question 19

Claudication

Answer 19

Pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but absence of pain at rest.

Question 20

Coarctation of the aorta

Answer 20

Congenital anomaly in which a portion of the aorta near the heart is narrowed.

Question 21

Computerized tomography angiography

Answer 21

3 dimensional x-ray images of the heart and coronary arteries using computed tomography.

Question 22

Congenital heart disease

Answer 22

Abnormalities in the heart at birth

Question 23

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Answer 23

Heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

Question 24

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Answer 24

Arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become clogged and blocked with deposits of fatty material and cholesterol.

Question 25

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)

Answer 25

Arteries or veins are grafted onto coronary arteries to bypass blocked arteries and bring needed supply to the myocardium.

Question 26

Deep-vein thrombosis (!!!)

Answer 26

Blood clot form in a large vein, usually in the leg

Question 27

Defibrillation

Answer 27

Brief discharges of electric are applied across the chest to stop dysrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation)

Question 28

Digoxin

Answer 28

Drug that treats arrhythmias and strengthens the heartbeat

Question 29

Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)

Answer 29

Video equipment and a computer produced x-ray images of blood vessels.

Question 30

Doppler Ultrasound

Answer 30

Sound wave measures blood flow within blood vessels