Chapter 10 - Vocab Part 2

Question 1

Ganglion (plural: ganglia)

Answer 1

Collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 2

Glial cell (!!)

Answer 2

1. Nervous cells that are supportive and connective in function, and do not carry nervous impulses.
2. Can reproduce itself
3. Examples: Astrocyles, microglial cells, and ependymal cells

Question 3

Glioblastoma

Answer 3

Rapidly growing malignant tumor of the brain

Question 4

Gyrus (plural: gyri)

Answer 4

Sheets of nerve cells that produces a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex; convolution

Question 5

Hemiparesis

Answer 5

Slight paralysis of the right or left half of the body

Question 6

Hemiplegia

Answer 6

Paralysis of the right or left half of the body

Question 7

Hypalgesia

Answer 7

Diminished sensitivity to pain

Question 8

Hyperesthesia

Answer 8

Excessive sensitivity or feeling, especially of the skin in response to touch or pain

Question 9

Hyperkinesis

Answer 9

Excessive movement

Question 10

Hypothalamus (!!)

Answer 10

Beneath the hypothalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and pituitary gland secretions

Question 11

Intrathecal Injection

Answer 11

Injection within the meninges

Question 12

Leptomeningeal

Answer 12

Pertaining (referencing) to the pia mater and arachnoid membranes of the meninges

Question 13

Medulla Oblongata (!!)

Answer 13

1. Lower part of the brain, closest to spinal cord

2. Controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels

Question 14

Meningeal

Answer 14

Pertaining to the meninges

Question 15

Meninges (!!)

Answer 15

Threee protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

Question 16

Meningioma

Answer 16

Tumor (benign) of the meninges

Question 17

Microglial cell (!!)

Answer 17

Phagocytic glial cells that removes waste products from the CNS

Question 18

Midbrain

Answer 18

1. Act as a pathway for impulses to be conducted between the brain and the spinal cord
2. Part of the brain stem

Question 19

Motor Nerve (!!)

Answer 19

Carries messages (impulses) away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs; efferent nerves

Question 20

Myelin Sheath (!!)

Answer 20

Fatty, white covering over the axon of a nerve cell. Speeds up impulse conduction.

Question 21

Myelomeningocele

Answer 21

Congenital hernia of the spinal cord and meninges through a defect (gap) in the vertebral column. This defect is often associated with spina bifida.

Question 22

Myelopathy

Answer 22

Describes any pathological change or disease in the spinal cord

Question 23

Myoneural

Answer 23

Pertaining to muscle and nerves

Question 24

Narcolepsy

Answer 24

Sudden seizures of sleep

Question 25

Nerve (!!)

Answer 25

Macroscopic cord-like collections of fibers (axons and dendrites) that carry electrical impulses.

Question 26

Neuralgia

Answer 26

Nerve pain

Question 27

Neurasthenia

Answer 27

Lack of strength in nerves; a feeling of weakness and exhaustion

Question 28

Neuroglial cells

Answer 28

Supporting cells of the nervous system; gilal cells

Question 29

Neuron (!!!!)

Answer 29

Nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body; parenchyma of the nervous system

Question 30

Neuropathy

Answer 30

Disease of nerves; primarily in the peripheral nervous system

Question 31

Neurotransmitter

Answer 31

Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell; stimulates or inhibits another cell

Question 32

Oligodendroglial cell

Answer 32

Glial cell that forms the myelin sheath covering axons; oligodendrocyte

Question 33

Paraplegia

Answer 33

Paralysis of the lower part of the body and both legs

Question 34

Parasympathetic nerve

Answer 34

Involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such as heart rate, breathing, and muscles of the gastrointestinal tract

Question 35

Parenchyma

Answer 35

Essential, distinguishing tissue of any organ or system. Neurons and nerves are the parenchyma of the nervous system.

Question 36

Paresis

Answer 36

Slight paralysis

Question 37

Paresthesia

Answer 37

Abnormal nervous sensation occurring without apparent cause. Examples: tingling, numbness, prickling sensation.