Chapter 11: Middle Childhood- Biosocial Development

Question 1

Childhood Overweight

Answer 1

Defined as BMI for children above 85th percentile of weight.

Question 2

Childhood Obesity

Answer 2

Child with BMI above 95th percentile of weight.

Question 3

Asthma

Answer 3

Chronic inflammatory disorder that can make it difficult to breath.

Question 4

Reaction Time

Answer 4

Time it takes to respond to a stimulus.

Question 5

Selective Attention

Answer 5

Able to concentrate on some stimuli and not other stimuli.

Question 6

Automatization

Answer 6

Repetition of thoughts and actions makes a routine, no longer taking long trains of thought to do. This could be second-nature.

Question 7

Aptitude

Answer 7

Master a skill or learn a body of knowledge.

Question 8

Achievement Test

Answer 8

Measure of mastery in all core subjects of school.

Question 9

Flynn Effect

Answer 9

Rise in IQ scores occurring over time in many nations.

Question 10

Multiple Intelligences

Answer 10

Human intelligence is composed of a set of abilities rather than one ability.

Question 11

Developmental Psychopathology

Answer 11

Field using insights into development to understand developmental disorders.

Question 12

Comorbid

Answer 12

Two or more unrelated disease conditions at the same time and same person.

Question 13

Multifinality

Answer 13

Developmental psychopathology that holds one cause can have many final causes.

Question 14

Equifinality

Answer 14

Developmental psychopathology that holds that one symptom can have many causes.

Question 15

ADHD

Answer 15

Condition brought by inattention or by impulsive behaviors, this interferes with development.

Question 16

Specific Learning Disorder

Answer 16

Place of learning where its deficit is not marked by physical disability, by an intellectual disability, or by a stressful home environment.

Question 17

Dyslexia

Answer 17

Difficulty with reading, most diagnosed learning disorder.

Question 18

Dyscalculia

Answer 18

Difficulty with math, usually diagnosed from a distinct part of the brain.

Question 19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 19

Trouble with communication and social interaction, difficulty seeing things from another person’s point of view.

Question 20

Neurodiversity

Answer 20

People have diverse brain structures. Each person has strengths and weaknesses in brain structure.

Question 21

Least Restrictive Environment

Answer 21

Children with special needs going to an easier educational environment to learn.

Question 22

Response to Intervention

Answer 22

Strategy to help below-average students achieve early in grades using intervention.

Question 23

Individual Education Plan

Answer 23

Document giving goals and plans for child with special needs.

Question 24

Acceleration

Answer 24

Educating gifted children alongside other children of the same mental age.

Question 25

Middle Childhood

Answer 25

Ages 6-11, period between childhood and adolescence.

Question 26

Overall Health

Answer 26

• Healthiest period of lifespan is during ages 6-11 in middle childhood.
• These are safeguarded by genetic and environmental factors.

Question 27

Slower Growth

Answer 27

• Growth becomes slow and steady.

- Self-care skills are well-developed by this time.

Question 28

Greater Strength

Answer 28

• Muscles are stronger including heart and lungs.
• Children run faster and exercise longer.
• Children can master any motor skills not requiring adult-sized bodies.

Question 29

Physical Activity (Pros)

Answer 29

1. Better overall health- less obesity and additional activities.
2. Improves problem-solving abilities.
3. Teaches cooperation, fair play, and teamwork- even from a diverse background.

Question 30

Physical Activity (Cons)

Answer 30

1. Loss of self-esteem- like being picked last.
2. Injuries- concussions are serious.
3. Children left out- low-income households and disabilities.
4. Increased stress.

Question 31

Neighborhood Games

Answer 31

• Flexible play with no adult intrusion.
• Active and interactive.
• Teaches ethics.

Question 32

Exercise in School

Answer 32

School time spent exercising is declining: less recess, phys. ed. has less activity, also replaced with reading and math.

Question 33

Recess Trends

Answer 33

• 1/3 of U.S. children has less than 15 minutes of recess a day.
• Children learn better with recess.
• Recess decreases obesity and increases social skills.
• Many schools have no recess.