Chapter 11- mendel and gene idea

Question 0

Trait

Answer 0

Variations for a character, such as purple or white

Question 1

Character

Answer 1

Heritable feature that varies among traits

Question 2

True-breeding

Answer 2

When the she seeds of a plant are exactly the same as its parents

Question 3

Hybridization

Answer 3

Two true breeding parents mate and have kids

Question 4

P Generation

Answer 4

Parental generation

Question 5

F1 generation

Answer 5

The first filial generations

Question 6

F2 Generations

Answer 6

When two offspring for the F1 generation cross pollinate and create more offspring

Question 7

Alleles

Answer 7

Alternative version of a gene

Question 8

Dominant allele

Answer 8

Determines organisms phenotype when homo or heterozygous forms

Question 9

Recessive Allele

Answer 9

Only shows physical traits when in a homozygous recessive pair

Question 10

Law of segregation

Answer 10

Two allele for a heritable character separate from each other during gamete formation

Question 11

Test cross

Answer 11

A test by using offspring ratios and matting a dominate plant with a recessive to deter,one the second letter of dominant plant

Question 12

Mono hybrid

Answer 12

They were heterozygous for one particular character

Question 13

Mono hybrid cross

Answer 13

Cross between two heterozygous organisms

Question 14

Dihybrid

Answer 14

A plant with two heterozygous alleles controlling one character EX. YyFf

Question 15

Dihybrid cross

Answer 15

Cross between two dish rids

Question 16

Law of independent assortment

Answer 16

Two or more genes assort independently - each pair of alleles segregates independently of each other pair

Question 17

Multiplication rule

Answer 17

To find the probability of two event coming after each other, you would multiply then together to fined the probability EX 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/4

Question 18

Addition Rule

Answer 18

The probability that two mutually exclusive event will happen together and you do this by adding the two probabilities

Question 19

Complete Dominace

Answer 19

When it is just a simple dominant + recessive and when the dominant is there there is no recessive phenotype

Question 20

Incomplete dominance

Answer 20

The two phenotypes are both dominant and mix together to make a new phenotype

Question 21

Codominance

Answer 21

When the two phenotypes are shown in their own distinct way EX stripes

Question 22

Tay-Sachs disease

Answer 22

A recessive genetic disorder where the child is born with out the ability to metabolize certain lipids in the brain so fat grows in brain and they die

Question 23

Pleiotropy

Answer 23

When a gene has multiple phenotypic effects

Question 24

Epistasis

Answer 24

When the phenotypic effect of one gene at one locus alter the affect of another gene at a different locus

Question 25

Quantitative

Answer 25

When the traits vary in gradient along a continuum in the population EX skin color

Question 26

Polygenic inheritance

Answer 26

The additive effect of two or more genes in a single phenotypic character (Pretty much opposite of pleiotropy)

Question 27

Multi factorial

Answer 27

Many factors such as genetic, and environmental collectively influence a phenotype

Question 28

Pedigree

Answer 28

A family tree diagram used to trace genetic traits back through a family, such as a genetic disease

Question 29

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 29

The most common fatal genetic disorder, strikes about .04% of Europeans and 4% are carriers
This causes a build up of mucus in the lungs and death at a later age

Question 30

Sickle Cell disease

Answer 30

Most common inherited disorder among Africans causing one amino acid to be subbed out in hemoglobin cause oxygen not to stick to red blood cells

Question 31

Huntington’s disease

Answer 31

A dominant genetic disorder which cause the deterioration the nervous system no visible phenotypic effects until 35-45 years of age