Chapter 11 - Growth of Body

Question 1

chronic malnutirtion casues what problesm

Answer 1

slowed growth
-irritability
-sickness
-missed school

Question 2

what are 3 conditions linked to obesity

Answer 2

metabolic syndrome
cardiovascular problems
type 2 diabetes

Question 3

is self esteem related to actual weight

Answer 3

no but their feelings about their appearance

Question 4

what is related to weight

Answer 4

body esteem
higher weight tended to be associated with lower body esteem

Question 5

how long do levels of body esteem tend to remain stable

Answer 5

2 year period, as well as self esteem

Question 6

children from less wealthy families have higher or lower chance of becoming obese

Answer 6

higher

Question 7

wathing tv and playing videos is related how to obesity

Answer 7

increases risk as well for overweight

Question 8

what is one of the major problems facing children and youth today

Answer 8

sedentary lifestyle

Question 9

in adoption stuides, children and adolescent weights tend to be related to what

Answer 9

weight of their biological parents, not adoptive parent

Question 10

how can heredity play a role in obesity

Answer 10

-being genetically mroe or less prone to inactivity
-basal metabolic rate

Question 11

infants eat primarily because of internal eating signals which are what

Answer 11

when they experience hunger and stop when feel full

Question 12

parents who aurge children to clean plates even when no longer hungry are teaching them what

Answer 12

external eating signals
-ignore internal cues, increase risk for overeating

Question 13

use of food for rewards or punishment should be what

Answer 13

avoided

Question 14

obese children lose weight but

Answer 14

many remain overweight

Question 15

what are 3 things that can affect primary tooth eruption

Answer 15

-ethnicity
-older age of mother at time of childs birht
-infant weight gain rate in first 3 months
-infant obesity
-infant diabetes

Question 16

severe tooth decay can what

Answer 16

work its way down far enough to effect helath of permanent teeth coming in afterward

Question 17

what can prevent tooth decay

Answer 17

regular brushing and flossing

Question 18

dental care is particularly important after eating what foods

Answer 18

high in starches and simple carbohydrates
-stimulate acid that leads to tooth decay

Question 19

what was fluroide thought to do positively

Answer 19

interferes with the formation of tooth-damagin acids and helps repair tooth surfaces that have been damaged by acid

Question 20

what is negative about fluoride

Answer 20

neurotoxicity in children as a result of high expusre through drinking water

Question 21

because of many childrens exposure to fluride in drinking water, parents should what when it comes to brushing teeth

Answer 21

use pea sized amount of toothpaste
-teach to rinse mouths and spit out all toothpaste rather than swallow

Question 22

what is malocclusion when can occur

Answer 22

dental condition whereby upper and lower permanent teeth do not meet properly
-when permament teeth erupt, some children may experience

Question 23

what are 5 possible causes of malocclusion

Answer 23

heredity
early loss of primary teeth
accident
thumb sucking
nail biting
(after permanent teeth erupt)

Question 24

what can help with malloclusion

Answer 24

removal of some teeth
weraing ental retainers or braves

Question 25

what is the eustachian tube

Answer 25

links inner ear to upper part of throat

Question 26

what happens to eustachian tube during elementary schools

Answer 26

becomes longer and more curvy -help reduce incidence of otisis media (ear infections) which causes temporary hearing loss and permanent loss if left uncorrected

Question 27

what is myopia

Answer 27

nearsightedness -near vision is clear but distant isnt

Question 28

what contributes to myopia

Answer 28

heredity experiecne

Question 29

what children are less likely to become myopic

Answer 29

children who spend mroe than 2 h per day outside

Question 30

some forms of myopia involve degeneration within eye can be associated with what

Answer 30

progressive loss of vision and blindness

Question 31

malocclusion makes what difficult

Answer 31

chewing

Question 32

crowding makes teeth what

Answer 32

more prone to injury and decay

Question 33

what part of brain plays important role in elemntary kids motor skills

Answer 33

cerrebulum -mediates between motor moements, sensory perceptino, and precie timin necessary to carry out motor activities

Question 34

boys tend do better at skills involving what

Answer 34

object control, like throwing cathgin and kicking

Question 35

fpr what gross motor skills is body composition not as important

Answer 35

running, throwing, catching

Question 36

individuals with itnellectual disabilties tend to exercise more or less frequently and what does this lead to

Answer 36

less -lower levels of muscular strength, endurrance, aero bic poer, and flexibility (same conclusion with children with attentional problems)

Question 37

for children between ages 6 and 10, does the amunt of time spent in front of screen related to level of gitness

Answer 37

no, but fitness levels show devline with greater screen time and reduced physical activity as they mvoe into adolescence

Question 38

what is sport specialization

Answer 38

starting a particula sport at a young age and focusing solely on that sport

Question 39

what does early specialization in sport seem more liekly to contribute to

Answer 39

oversue injuries in young athletes -due to repeated reliance on same msucuar group

Question 40

schools having a majority of low income families were less likely to pay for

Answer 40

transportation and thigns to do with school sports, like entry fee, use of own equipemnet

Question 41

what are advantages of adults involvemnet in childrens sports

Answer 41

-recieve knowledgabel feedback leanr how to improve -soend time with positive role model

Question 42

what are disadvantages to adults involvemnt in chidlrens sports

Answer 42

-overemphasize competition instead of skill development -controlling, kids little opportunity to learn leadership skills -emphasize drills, strategy, and winning where sport becomes like work rather than play

Question 43

name 4 most common injuries under age of 20 from most common

Answer 43

unintentional falls motor vehicle collisions being struck by person or object cycling

Question 44

what places children ata greater risk for injury in middle childhood

Answer 44

improved motor skills and greater independence

Question 45

biggest influence over helmet use in children

Answer 45

parental rules

Question 46

biggest influence over non use of helmets in children

Answer 46

low level of percieved danger in actvitiy

Question 47

how can parents prevent accidents in general

Answer 47

being realistic in assessing their own childrens skills -often overestimate their abilities,

Question 48

more children younger than 9 or 10 will not what when it comes to crossing a road

Answer 48

look consistently before crossing -cannot acureatly judge the amount of time they have to cross a street